Aren’t Sultans kings?
Abdication
He abdicated.
Thanks. I forgot he was King already. I meant when somebody passes on the job upgrade.
De facto, but it’s not quite an equivalent title. In Arabic malik means “king” - modern Morocco, Bahrain and Jordan are ruled by maliks.
Sultan was originally more of a “strong man” title, referring to ruler that considered himself technically subordinate to the Caliphate, but was functionally independent. Modern Oman and Brunei are ruled by sultans.
In practice the titles are these days essentially synonymous. In fact Morocco was a sultanate until 1957, then switched to being a kingdom ( used to be sultans, now they are maliks ). No functional difference.
I don’t think that can happen in the British system. If you are eligible, you automatically succeed upon the death of the person ahead of you. You aren’t asked whether you want it. Now, if you become a Catholic, you are automatically dropped from the order. I don’t know what would happen if a sitting monarch became a Catholic, whether you would automatically be deposed or whether the parliament would have to take action.
I think Parliament would have to depose him or her. The Act of Settlement refers to eligibility to become the British monarch, not to being automatically forced from the throne if you become Catholic after acceding.
If you are not eligible you are no longer in line.
Buchanan was housemate with William R King (VP under Franklin Pierce) for some 15 years. Unfortunately, most of their correspondence was destroyed by their nieces, so we don’t have proof. I’m sure you can google more on your own.