British English - no apostrophes in possessive business names?

Breakfast at Tiffany’s.

Another Brit that has only ever heard it pronounced “Hal-Fords”.

Toys ‘r’ Us, except the r in the logo is backward.

In Soviet Russia, You Ya Toys.

While those are apostrophes, they are pretty clearly not serving a possessive function.

According to Wikipedia, James Cash Penney opened “The JCP Store” in 1902 (he previously had stores called “The Golden Rule”). Then in 1913, he incorporated as “J. C. Penney Company”. The “Penneys” logo you linked to was used from 1963 to 1971, but everywhere else I can find in print uses “Penney’s”, except there’s no reference to the name actually being changed to “Penney’s” or “Penneys” except that the first line of the article says “J. C. Penney Company, Inc. (formerly Penney’s)…” I’m guessing there’s some missing info there.

Looking at their corporate website, it seems they’re now referring to the company as “jcpenney”.

I still don’t think I’ve ever heard anyone call it anything other than J.C. Penney’s.

Toys ‘Я’ Us

Yes, and Eaton’s was another company that had to knuckle under to the Quebec law forbidding English on outdoor signs. The apostrophe possessive makes a word English, no apostrophe and it’s just a name. Significantly, the Quebec government decided not to pursue the matter with McDonald’s, who had the pockets to fight it and really did not care, since they were not an “English Canada” company and would probably be happy to defend a trademark in world-wide use.

For some reason this is popular for employees who work at Ford (I run into a lot of them). Where do you work? “Fords” or “Ford’s” or “Fords’” (I’m not really sure how they mean it). I’m told that it goes back to when it was really a true family enterprise, as in, “I work for the Fords” or “I work at the Fords’.”

It may have been at least in part because an apostrophe would have been illegal in Quebec and they could (and would) have been subject to increasing fines had they persisted. So in order to have one name throughout the country (it is bigger than McDonald’s here) they probably just dropped it. When the law banning signs in English (or any language but French) was passed, our paper had a cartoon showing a guy on a ladder dropping an apostrophe from the name “Ed’s” on to the language inspector’s very pointy head.

I’m surprised that even though the OP is from Western New York, he didn’t mention an extremely prominent US example of this phenomenon: Wegmans, the grocery store chain founded by Robert Wegman.