Nava, thank you so much. I could sit around and talk to you all day about stuff like this. Every day at my favorite coffee hangout I ask (not bust balls :)) a Puerto Rican friend similar questions; I then compare them with a Mexican cook here, but whose English is not fluent by any means, so he misses any nuance.
To that Israeli in OP, who didn’t know the English, I suggested “being a nudnik exponentiated.” Israelis by and large know less Yiddish vocabulary than a random New York African American, but nudnick (pest) is one of them.
Your answer on ball busters reminds me of when I asked for Spanish for, simply, “he’s an asshole.” Obviously many nuances of assholery exist in every culture, cross-checked with Spanish region.
About OP phrase and Yiddish, since I brought up that language, and since you mention women as being more likely for a version of it, a false-friend is in Yiddish–“She’s a real balebustah”–a compliment meaning “she knows how to run a household” (cleanliness, order, kids healthy and well-brought up.)
For years I always heard this as saying she was a real ball buster, and wondering why it was said with evident approval.
NB: this is from the small Yiddish vocabulary of 20 words and expressions (?) still known and used, broadly speaking, by Americans descendants of mother-tongue Yiddish-speakers). Unlike nudnick, however, it is less common in urban English and deserves typographic distinction in italics.
(I see here there is a Wiki entry on it, which I cite here sight unseen (heh): Balabusta - Wikipedia