Would humans, over time, come to prefer Diet Coke Plus over Diet Coke Unplus for its nutritional fortifications? Can the body tell “oh, look, this is sweet-tasting water” vs “oh, look, this is sweet-tasting water with vitamins!”?
No, I pretty sure that this will not work for micronutrients like vitamins. The body does crave its macronutrients, protein, carbohydrate, sodium, fat, etc., but that is very different. That is an evolutionary adaptation that occurred at a time when human diets were such that, if you were getting enough of the macronutrients, you were almost certain to be getting enough of the micronutrients too.
Vitamin C may be an exception to this however. I believe I have heard that sailors on long voyages who had scurvy, or were close to it, did develop a strong craving for fresh vegetable food, including things they probably wold not eat normally, such as scurvy grass.