Depends how old the bathtub is. Remember, the white surface is porcelean. After years of scrubbing, the porcelean wears thin and you might be seeing the cast iron underneath. Since the bottom of the tub tends to get scrubbed the most, this is where it wears out first. No amount of cleaning will get rid of that.
If it’s installed, you can find people who will epoxy it(which holds out pretty well). If it’s in your garage, you might be able to find someone who can strip the porcelean off and re-coat it. The expense is more than a new clawfoot bathtub, but if it’s an antique that you want to keep it’s worth it.
b.
Before going to any of that trouble, be sure to try one of the acidic products that Fear Itself suggested. If the stuff is just built up carbonates or sulfates, they’ll be no need to resurface the porcelin.
Well, CLR helped a little, but not much. In fact it hardly helped the little rust line that runs under the fauset.
I did manage to get a small splash of it on my arm and now it itches so all is not lost. heh heh.
I got a good look at the gray areas though and it’s not worn down. I got out my Dremmel and buffed out a little spot just to see. That area is perfect white now. But I’m not going to dremmel the entire tub. LOL
I’ll see if I can find the zap stuff Mr Moto mentioned.