I’ve seen references over the years that state that Benito Mussolini called himself ‘emperor’ or “Caesar”. Other than ‘duce’ I haven’t come across any direct evidence of his having styled himself as either ‘emperor’ or ‘Caesar’… Is there any evidence for that?
He might have likened his army to the Romans, and tried to build an empire, but the title of Emperor went to the King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel.
The first Caesar wasn’t an emperor; he was a dictator, so as far as Roman terminology is concerned, I think everybody was on the same page when Mussolini took full power.
Thank you PatrickLondon.