All my babies made noises. They were little soft cries, except in the case of the last one who was quite loud (C-section–I was very happy to hear it, since I couldn’t see him). My granddaughter whose very quick birth I also attended (home birth, not planned that way) made little noises prompting the EMT (or whatever he was) on the phone to say that things sounded fine and just keep them that way till the squad got there.
For awhile it looked like my second son had only got a B+ on his first test and I was outraged. He had perfect Apgars. I’m sitting there, stewing saying, “Why not an A? Or an A+?” Eventually enough of my mind returned to realize that was his blood type.
Anecdotally, mine kind of squeaked quietly (this weird two-toned pitch that sounds like sad chuckles and seems characteristic of newborns) rather than cried/screamed outright.
OK, but that doesn’t imply that the crying is more of an emotional response (an expression of sadness or rage) than a reflex response. The OP seemed to believe that babies cry as an emotional response.
I’m not sure reflex vs emotion is a meaningful distinction in a baby, when there’s no way to gain insight into their mental state. A self-aware person will call an involuntary physical response a reflex while an involuntary mental response an emotion. And we can project the same distinction on others.
But is a newborn baby crying because of reflex (like suckling) or emotion (like fear) or something in between (like discomfort)? It’s not straightforward to project one’s own experiences onto a newborn when their body (especially their brain) is so different.
I don’t think it’s possible to rule out either reflex or emotion as descriptors for newborn crying.