Emergency room triage procedures

A couple of years ago I was in Montreal for the Anarchist Bookfair, pushing a comrade in a wheelchair. The streets in Montreal look like they’ve been shelled by mortars, with huge craters and crevasses everywhere. It was night and it was raining, and what looked like a puddle turned out to be an enormous shell hole into which the wheelchair dropped, hub-deep. I didn’t want to step down into the hole, so I stood on the edge and leaned forward, trying to push the wheelchair out. The wheelchair tipped backwards, I tipped foward, and the handle of the wheelchair came right down on one of the fingers on my left hand with the full weight of the wheelchair plus the occupant.

The nail was torn right off, the bone was shattered, and blood was spraying everywhere. Bits of bone were visible where the flesh had been gouged away. We called 911 and when the first cop showed up and demanded to know what the problem was, I just held up my mangled finger. He turned away quickly and refused to look at me after that. It was that bad.

An ambulance ride later I was at the hospital emergency room. I went through triage, they wrapped my finger in bandages, and sent me to wait in the waiting room. Where I proceeded to sit for the next 12 hours.

Every couple of hours a nurse would call me into the triage room and ask me if I was in a lot of pain. I’d nod and smile, they’d wrap the finger in another layer of bandages (the old ones having soaked through with blood), and they’d send me back to sit in the waiting room again without so much as an aspirin. Now, I’m a stoic and a Buddhist. I don’t react to pain. It’s not that I have an especially high pain tolerance, it’s that I just choose not to react to the pain. As the Gautama Buddha said, “All things perish. All things are grief and pain. All forms are unreal. One who knows and sees this becomes passive in pain; this is the way that leads to purity.” I spent my time meditating as best I could to get away from the rather large amount of pain I was experiencing.

Eventually, at the end of 12 hours, I finally got to see a doctor. I got x-rayed (bone broken in three places). The doctor cleaned the wound, gave me a local anaesthetic, and then sewed it up as best he could (there was a lot of missing flesh) and had an intern split my finger. Now the weird part. The doctor expressed surprise that I had waited as long as I had. He was even mildly chiding, telling me that because I’m diabetic, infections in the hand are serious and that 12 hours was the absolute outside limit before I’d have a guaranteed infection with this type of injury (and then gave me a prescription for an extremely expensive and exotic antibiotic to minimize my risk of infection).

My assumption has always been that doctors and nurses are scientists. When they do triage, I figured they would rationally judge which cases were most serious and needed to be seen immediately, and that howling and crying and carrying on would be at best useless and at worst a dangerous distraction. Here, the message seemed to be that it was my fault I had to wait 12 hours without anaesthetic with bone sticking out of my mangled hand because I hadn’t made a scene in the waiting room.

Is this normal? Was I in the wrong? Am I supposed to throw a fit in the waiting room if I expect normal medical care?

Wait, you’re at an anarchist book fare and you call a govt. service to take care of you? I hope you at least trashed the waiting room while you were there. If so, that may have affected your wait time. I hope your irony shots were up to date.

Um. It may not be ideal, but in my experience emergency rooms tend to operate at least partly on the basis that people who are in urgent need of treatment will demand it. After all, you know better than anyone else what you are going through and how you feel about it.

If you want them to make an assessment which disregards your passivity, your best bet is to pass out.

(FWIW, I don’t think this varies as between publicly- and privately-funded Emergency Rooms.)

Or tell them you’re having chest pain.

I drove myself to the hospital once at 3 a.m. because I had chest pain, and I thought I had a broken rib. (My daughter had kicked me by accident the night before.) I mentioned chest pain, and luckily I was taken right away, ahead of everyone else. Turns out I was having a heart attack.

(My wife’s famous line before I left for the hospital: “You know, if it’s not an emergency, the insurance won’t pay for it!”)

Anecdote:

I drove my mother to an Urgent Treatment Center when she cut herself betwee the fingers. She was unwrapping her coverings and dripping blood and they had her whisked back to a room immediately.

The doctor then decided the injury was too serious for their resources, and sent us to an Emergency Room–now cleaned and wrapped up.

We sat there for a much longer period of time, because there was no dripping blood.

Not to say that the length of time before treatment was excessive–probably only an hour or two–just long enough to make one wish one had thought to grab a book or something.

Mom’s fingers are fine now.


I’ve heard a couple of other anecdotes about people’s experiences that suggest that there is some middle ground between stoicism and crying and carrying on which helps persuade medical personnel that your situation is serious and NEEDS treatment NOW. It can be difficult for the medical personnel to tell without a close examination how serious/urgent some conditions are, and prioritizing those examinations can be as much art as science.

Hmmm…12 hours is too long to wait for anything in an ED, although the single most important thing did happen: you were triaged before the wait.

I understand you perceive that you are stoic, and that perhaps this may have contributed to your long wait. I don’t think your stoicism mattered; once someone has been triaged, a decision has already been made about where that patient is in the hierarchy of needing to be seen. Actually, “howling and crying and carrying on,” or perhaps a good faint would get you seen sooner but I’m not sure the loss of self-respect would be worth it.

What seems like emergencies to a patient (often blood and/or cuts) can get pushed surprisingly far down the next-to-be-seen list. It’s not a question of whether a wound needs repair, for instance, but how soon. A triaged, covered wound of a finger is not (dare I say it to a layperson) much of an emergency, although as a rule of thumb we do like to close wounds sooner rather than later. Still, from a medical perspective a thorough initial cleansing followed by a clean dressing is fine. If the wound was not cleaned properly at triage your complaint should center around that, but once it’s cleaned and dressed it can easily wait 12 hours from a medical perspective. I’ve had occasion over the years to send patients with cleaned and dressed wounds for hand repair the following day to a specialist, for instance. It would not be unusual to let some serious wounds heal without any closure at all so the notion of emergency is different for me as a physician than you as a layperson.

I might offer a suggestion that you look at your own description of your wound: “The nail was torn right off, the bone was shattered, and blood was spraying everywhere. Bits of bone were visible where the flesh had been gouged away. We called 911 and when the first cop showed up and demanded to know what the problem was, I just held up my mangled finger. He turned away quickly and refused to look at me after that. It was that bad.” May I offer the observation that such a description of a wound that was limited to a finger, required only dressing, suturing and a splint, and presumably healed fine (else I am confident that you would have mentioned a lousy result) is a bit…well, frankly a bit melodramatic for a stoic. (As an aside, no exotic antibiotic is more appropriate than a standard one for initial care, and actually no antibiotic at all would have been an appropriate choice)

If your question is, “How do I persuade them my presentation is more serious than they take it to be?” then the answer is to politely and firmly remind them periodically after triage that you would like to be seen. There really isn’t any other recourse in the short term, and the issue of inappropriate wait times in EDs everywhere is a rather long discussion.

I was also fascinated by the concept of someone going to an anarchist bookfare and then complaining about the state of disrepair of the local streets. I’m confident that when the anarchists take over they’ll keep the streets in much better condition. :smiley:

One more thing, and forgive me, but I gotta get it out there: an ambulance ride for a finger injury? And your self-perception is that you are stoic?

The Pedant has a favorite family story of when I shot my finger through. Stupid, I know, but that damn high-powered pellet gun was easy to hold with the index finger over the end of the barrel. Blew a lovely hole right through the finger, shattering the phalanx and blowing away part of the nail germinal center. There was no time for repair b/c it was right before my shift. I worked the night shift with a bandage around it (and wouldn’t you know it had to deliver a baby with all that crappy fluid and blood that shows up with the kid on the one night I couldn’t get a glove on around my finger) and got into trouble the next day with my wife because in my haste to wrap up my finger and get to work, I left blood in the kitchen sink and she came home to find it without any explanation. I still have a nice hole through the bone 10 years later. The ED staff was sworn to secrecy regarding the Pedant’s stupidity but I still get mocked mercilessly.

I realize it’s easier for me to be casual about wounds knowing the medicine behind injuries, but “stoic” is a teeny bit of a stretch and I guess I wonder if the ED perception was different from yours…

Had you mentioned that you were diabetic?

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Isn’t it a major health risk to you and the patient to be doing doctor stuff with an open wound on your non gloved hand?

I’m not a Buddhist, but I also react rather calmly to pain. The first time I had a kidney stone, the pain was unreal but I could carry on a conversation easily without revealing my discomfort. Fortunately, when I went to the ER and they asked what my pain level was, I could confidently say 10.

Though I do have a bit of a philosophical problem with that 1-10 pain scale they want you to use. I’m pretty sure that, no matter how much pain you’re feeling, it could be worse. To me, if the scale is 1-10, 10 should be the absolute maximum pain a human can endure without dying from just pain. I imagine it would be something like having an iron bar heated to 4 degrees below its melting point, wrapped in barbed wire, covered in lye, and then slowly pressed through your body. That would be a 10. My kidney stones would be about a 3, then.

But it’s not supposed to be like that, it’s supposed to be relative. But relative to what? To the pain I’m feeling now? Then it’s just binary, a 0-1 pain scale. “Does it hurt?” “Yes.”

12 hours sounds like a ridiculously long time to wait in an ER. I bet if you’d driven an hour to a suburban hospital there would have been much less of a wait.

Fair enough, but why make the guy sit in the waiting room for 12 hours rather than simply directing him to an after hours clinic or his own primary care doc? A little proactive re-direction by ED triage staff would be much more effective than a strategy that hopes thosepatients will just get tired of waiting and leave.

Seriously, why isn’t re-directing non-emergency patients a major part of the triage process? Lay people may be there because they don’t know where else to go, or they don’t realize a broken finger/bladder infection/flu symptoms aren’t the types of issues an ED is best suited to treat. Why not tell them that?

Sorry, I don’t understand how this is anything but medical malpractice. You were triaged. You’re under the hospital’s care. They decided you didn’t need to be seen for 12 hours. If the doctor wants to complain, he should complain to his fellow ER staff who f—ed up. Period.

It’s not your job to know the period of time that an injury can wait before infection sets in. That’s why we HAVE doctors. Ridiculous.

  • toadspittle, whose father was an MD and mother was an RN

A question to the OP, did you mention that you’re diabetic to the person performing the triage? I realize that “they” should have asked, but it’s good policy to make sure that you tell, when you have any kind of chronic condition. Most of those automatically bump the patient up the line (something like arthritis won’t bump up someone with a broken finger, but diabetes or cirrhosis may).

To many responders, the triager did not decide the patient “didn’t need to be seen for 12 hours.” He decided that the patient needed to be seen “as soon as other more urgent people were taken care of.” They kept checking on his status. If he’d said it did, indeed, hurt, or mentioned the diabetes, the final treatment would have taken place sooner.

Isn’t triage not just about assessing the patient, but also about comparing that patients needs with those of others needing care? I don’t think a 12 hour wait is appropriate if he was the only patient present. More likely however, the 12 hour wait occurred because other people with more urgent needs were present.

ETA: yeah, what Nava said.

As a 19 year-old college student, I had to endure my first and only ER trip. I had a high fever, a headache that had extended to my neck, and was vomiting uncontrollably.

Apparently, that combination of symptoms and demographic will get you through a packed inner city ER waiting room in about seven minutes. It turns out that it wasn’t anything quite that serious–just a bad bacterial infection, and the neck was probably from the hotel pillows–but they have no way to know that until they treat you.

Sometimes they screw up. But if you’re not actively bleeding out or threatening to infect the entire room, you’re gonna wait a while. Still, they should have asked you about the diabetic thing.

I can’t see how 12 hours is appropriate even if he just had a stubbed toe. Stoic or not, that’s ridiculous. I can see a several-hour wait in a busy ER but I would think 4 or so would be the absolute maximum without being seen.

I dont’ think it was you at all; I think that hospital has problems managing its ER.

I assumed the same thing, which is why I was so surprised when the doctor chided me for waiting that long. I didn’t ask him what the alternative was, but I assume what he meant is that I should have raised a fuss about waiting at some point before 12 hours elapsed, which would presumably have got me bumped up the list. As you point out, the whole point of triage is supposed to be to rationally order who is most in need of hospital resources, which I just took as a given. The doctor, however, seemed to by implying otherwise.

Actually, the finger healed poorly. They warned me I would have a nasty, star-shaped scar (I do) and that I probably wouldn’t get full function back (I haven’t). I lost a lot of meat, and the finger still his a “dented” look where the skin healed but the flesh inside didn’t come back. The nail grew back crooked (and deformed), and the finger doesn’t have full range of movement or the same strength it once did.

The doctor who treated me warned me that I had waited so long that infection was nearly a certainty, and that because I was a diabetic he was therefore going to prescribe an expensive antibiotic. It was just 5 days worth and it cost me over a hundred dollars. (And I live in Kanada, remember.)

I’m not complaining about the wait time, I’m wondering why the doctor seemed to be telling me the wait time was determined by me rather than the nurses doing triage.

Could just be a poorly run ER/hospital.