Evanescent waves (fairly dense optical physics question)

Factual Questions
1

If an electromagnetic wave passes from an optically dense medium into a less dense one and is incident at greater than the critical angle, then there is no refraction and you get 100% reflection.

But the fields in the less dense medium are not zero and this engenders an evanescent wave, which propagates and transmits energy parallel to the interface.

But If there is energy transmitted parallel to the interface then how can there be 100% reflection? Wouldn’t this energy subtract from the reflected wave?

I have asked this question at sci.physics and have yet to receive a reasonable answer so I thought I would try it here.

2

As I understand it, evanescent waves do not propagate, and they do not carry energy. It’s not even a wave in the usual sense, it’s just oscillating electric and magnetic fields which decays rapidly with distance.

About a year ago there was a paper that said a material with negative index of refraction can amplify an evanescent wave, thus overcoming some limitation in resolution. Since evanescent waves do not carry energy, it takes no energy to amplify it. Strange and hard to believe, but it has been demonstrated. I believe the guy’s name is Pendry, if you want to do a Net search. (Search for “perfect lens” might work as well.)

3

That’s also how I understood it, but here’s what Griffiths in his “Introduction to Electrodynamics” third edition page 414 says:

And J.D. Jackson says pretty much the same. This is very confusing.