And I had no idea there was another until I read it in the OP. :rolleyes:
Quoth Der Trihs:
I dunno; I prefer the names Petey used in his crusade against the O’Benn… Flagships Polysyllabic Designation and Pretentious Drivel, with various support vessels named things like Painstakingly Defenestrated, Potato Dumplings, and Predictably Damaged.
Patrick O’Brian mentions a Spanish ship named Cacafuego. I recall reading somewhere that this name was actually used.
When Dreadnought was designed the suppression of the secondary armament that was part of the innovation in the class meant that the wing turrets that had been used to house the secondary batteries were replaced with a single, full caliber turret on each the port and starboard side. That’s what the P and Q turrets were.
I have just read, today, of the naming of the turrets for the HMS Agincourt. This battleship had seven turrets, all mounted on the ship’s centerline, and all available for broadside fire. Officially they were numbered 1 - 7. In practice they seem to have been nicknamed Monday, Tuesday, and on through Sunday. 
The Imperial Japanese Navy had some great names, especially for their destroyers; stuff like Yakaze, “Wind of an Arrow’s Flight” and Tachikaze, “Wind from a Swinging Sword” or “Wind From a Sword Stroke”.
Other sources seem to differ on whether the translations given for the Oboro–“Mist Veil Through Which Only a Shade of the Moon is Visible”, or “Haziness Diffusing the Moonlight”–have been massively embellished, but if the name really means anything like that it’s a great name. It sounds like something aliens would name their starship, or those names from the “Culture” SF series several people have mentioned above.
The aircraft carrier names were good too, all those dragons and phoenixes and falcons.
What does Shinano mean?
Shinano was named after one of the old provinces of Japan (she was originally laid down as a third Yamato Class Battleship, and subsequently converted to an aircraft carrier, hence the province name rather than being named after some real or mythical flying creature).
Ah, again ignorance is fought despite my sarcasm. Thanks! 
USS Trepang - the trepang is the sea cucumber. sort of appropriate for a submarine actually =)
[of course there is now the navy joke-
What is the sound of a sub bouncing off the bottom of the sea?
Trepang …]
Satsuma was based on the British Lord Nelson class, and also heavily influenced by earlier British-built Japanese designs (it’s likely that the all-big-gun design genesis was Japanese requests from the British). The first American dreadnought, Michigan, was authorized after HMS Dreadnought, and laid down more than a year after the British ship.
I’m one more fan of Warspite. Just an all-round cool name.
Well, some of my favorites have already been mentioned, but there’s one I feel needs mention:
HMS Hotspur. Is that a kickass name, or what?
I’ve always been partial to Intrepid. Besides evoking a wholly appropriate attitude for a warship, it just rolls off the tongue nicely (I think).
Back when I was a kid I had a plastic model kit of the Original Series-era Enterprise. The kit came with lots of decals to make other ships in Starfleet, and I always intended to build Intrepid. Never did get around to finishing it.
HMS Swiftsure
HMS Agamemnon
HMS Revenge
HMS Warrior
HMS Retribution
HMS Arethusa
Some very belligerant names in there.
Just to derail this for a minute, in the UK the names of capital ships had to be cleared by the King / Queen at least until the end of the Great War. Hence no “Oliver Cromwell”.
Wow has no one yet mentioned the most famous ship of the 20th century?
Simple but commanding name for a tremendous vessel
HMS Hood
The RN does have some nicely named ships.
Not perhaps the most martial name, but I do like Ark Royal. It makes the ship sound rather grand, despite the current Ark being largely dwarfed by the carriers of the US Navy.
Space Cruiser Yamato.
HMS Battleaxe
The enemy have obviously never met an Irish woman in full full righteous fury, or they might have thought differently.
Declan