So I’ve been on seven cruises since 2010, with #8 in a few weeks for a cruise out of NYC, and #9 already booked for next year (an Alaska cruise).
I was in the Navy, so it took quite a while for me to warm to the idea of going on a cruise. We are Disney fans, though, and decided to try out Disney Cruise Line (DCL). Our first cruise was similar to yours, a 4-night cruise from Port Canaveral to the Bahamas. Since then, we’ve also done several Caribbean cruises and a Mediterranean cruise. We’ve only cruised on DCL, though.
Much of what we’ve done with respect to cabin selection has revolved around issues with my wife’s tendency to motion sickness. For this reason, we always get balconies (so she can get some fresh air and not feel claustrophobic). We also tend to get rooms in the middle of the ship (less ship motion). My wife did actually get a little seasick the first night of our first cruise, but put on a Scopolamine patch and felt better. Now she (and my Mom) put on a patch prophylactically. They last for 3 days. The medication is by prescription only, so if this is a concern of yours, talk to your doctor.
Regarding your specific questions (answers in red):
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[li]We plan to get a balcony room, although there are options for bigger balconies. Are they worth it? IMHO, yes.[/li][li]The cruise has a full day at sea (no port of call). What would you do for that full day? Lay on the deck, read a book, get a massage, not think about work.[/li][li]Is it worth it to pay extra to get your room on higher decks? Not really, IMHO, although you might have less noise if there are cabins above and below you as opposed to common areas or something loud like a kid’s club or a movie theater.[/li][li]Back, Middle, or Front of ship, or does it matter? Middle for less ship motion. Other than that, it depends on where you spend most of your time. If you like to hang out in the adult area up forward, and your cabin is in the back, you may have a lot of walking.[/li][li]My parents don’t drink. My wife and I drink some but aren’t planning to go wild. Are the drink packages worth getting? Not for us. You’d have to look at the offer compared to how much you usually drink.[/li][li]We’ll probably do one night’s dinner at a fancy restaurant. Do we need to make reservations in advance? Can you make reservations before you get on board? Not familiar enough with Carnival to say. On DCL, yes, you need reservations for the fancier restaurants that have an upcharge. I’ve always reserved them in advance, but was unable to get any for this short-notice cruise we’re going on in a few weeks. However, I hear they hold back as many as 50% of the reservation slots for when you get on board. I plan to hit the reservation desk right away.[/li][li]Shore excursions - buy them from the cruise line or roll your own? We’ll be in Nassau, Bahamas. I’ve done both. In Nassau, we’ve often just taken a taxi to the public beach near Atlantis on Paradise Island. If you go this route, do some research to make sure this still exists. In the Med, we found a great private excursion from a company that was not affiliated with the cruise. In the Caribbean, we do a lot of scuba excursions, which I usually book through the cruise line. One advantage of booking through the cruise line is they guarantee you’ll get back in time. Don’t be late getting back to the ship![/li][li]Book straight through the cruise line? Use Costco? Travel agent? I’m a control freak, so I do everything myself on the cruise line website.[/li][li]Travel insurance? We’re flying down from Boston the day before the trip but it’s winter so anything can happen. Absolutely yes. We always get travel insurance. It also typically covers medical issues out of the country. I always get it from a third party, not from the cruise line. BTW, it’s an excellent idea to fly down at least the night before – I always recommend NOT flying in on the day a cruise departs. If your flight is delayed, the ship will not wait for you. The trip insurance company I use is affiliated with USAA. If this is not an option for you, I’ve also heard good things about InsureMyTrip.[/li][/ul]
I could speak more to your choice of cruise line and length of your cruise, if you wish, but it sounds like this has already been decided.