OK, I’m going to break this post down into a couple of parts. The first part will deal with behavior modification, the second with changing what you eat.
Step One: Change How You Eat
I’m putting your weight at 200. Let’s say you walk 45 minutes and find yourself next to Dunkin Donuts. You earned it, right? 45 Minutes is a long time to exercise. So you grab a chocolate glazed donut. Just one donut won’t hurt, right?
45 Minutes of walking at 3.5mph burns approx 288 calories. One of those donuts is 290 calories. Sucks, doesn’t it?
The point is, the changes to your diet don’t even need to be large changes. You need to drop that mindless margin of extra calories that you could cut out without even noticing. Research shows the average person can consume 200 less calories per day than they’re used to and never notice. That’s twenty pounds in a year.
What you need to do is put yourself into situations where you don’t snack. It’s not reasonable to expect to exert your willpower every minute you’re awake; your brain simply can’t handle the stress. Instead, you need to rely on tricking the unconscious thought processes that signal that “it’s time to eat.”
First, raise the barrier to snacking. If you have candy on your desk, keep it in an opaque jar that you have to get up to access. You will eat less candy. Keep unhealthy foods out of sight and keep healthy ones in the front of the cupboard and at eye level. The first thing you see is what you’re most likely to eat. Personally, I’ve made a commitment to only eat when I’m going to pour a full glass of water, put whatever I’m eating on a plate (even if it’s just crackers) and sitting down in the kitchen to eat it. I often find I’m not hungry enough to go through with the ritual.
Second, your eyes are a lot better at telling you when to stop eating than your stomach. Pre-plate your meals before taking them to the dining room. If you buy crackers, bag them into individual servings. Cook healthy meals ahead of time, bag them into individual servings and freeze them.
Third, smaller containers! Eat on smaller plates, drink out of tall, skinny glasses. Even eperienced bartenders pour on average 20% more into short, wide glasses when asked to pour one shot. People given a large bowl and large ice cream scoop ate on average 57% more than people given a small bowl and small scoop, while both parties reported being equally full. I could go on, and on, and on.
Fourth, keep a visual cue of what you’re eating. If you’re drinking wine, don’t refill the glass or clear the old one. Keep the dirty glasses around and that will serve as a visual aid of how much you’ve drank. If you’re eating pizza, keep the crusts on the plate. If you’re eating wings, leave the bones where you can see them. You will eat less.
Fifth, don’t eat anywhere it’s not appropriate to. Don’t eat at your office desk, don’t eat on the couch, don’t eat in the bedroom. This is known in psychology as state-dependent learning. Much the way soft jazz, candles, and bright, contrasting colors signal to your brain to eat more or faster, if you build up a mental association of sitting on the couch and eating, your brain will trigger the “get food” impulse much more readily.
All of this is boiling down to this: changing our habits is hard. You can’t change your entire lifestyle in one day. Behavior analysts tell us that it takes about 28 days to form a new habit. Make a monthly chart of three new positive habits you’re going to form, and check off the days that you successfully followed your new habit. After about a month it will be nearly effortless. You can change three small behaviors in your life in a month.
Read Brian Wansink’s Mindless Eating: Why We Eat More Than We Think. You might know him from the “bottomless soup bowl” experiment for which he won an ig nobel.
Changing Your Food:
Eat 5-6 small meals per day and never skip breakfast. Breakfast wakes your metabolism up and eating small bits throughout the day will keep it going on steady burn and prevent you from overeating when it actually is time to eat.
Avoid processed sugars and high starch foods. This is new research for weight loss, but it’s been known to diabetics for ages. Check out the glycemic index. Essentially, foods that are high in starch and sugar cause insulin spikes, which both promote the storage of fat and inhibit the burning of it.
Switch to whole grains when you can and increase your proteins while cutting down the saturated fat. Follow the “half plate” rule–half your plate should consist of vegetables. The other half can be a starch (bread, pasta) and meat.
If you get a sweet craving, grab fruit. It’s plenty sweet and loaded with good stuff. Just don’t buy the unhealthy stuff–if it’s not in your house, you can’t eat it.
Finally, just let loose. Don’t restrict yourself to never do something–that will only make you want to do it more and make you feel terrible when you finally do succumb to the urge.