How to distinguish between hypocrisy and inconsistency?

Hypocrisy is the practice of professing beliefs, feelings, or virtues that one does not hold or possess; falseness.

ISTM that inconsistency (or apparent inconsistency) is often called hypocrisy, both on this board and elsewhere. However the mere appearance of inconsistency does not prove hypocrisy. E.g., beliefs that appear to be inconsistent may not be so. Or, someone may sincerely hold two contradictory beliefs if he doesn’t grasp their inconsistency

So, what evidence beyond mere inconsistency should be required before denouncing someone as a hypocrite?

Wow, what a great question. I wonder about this all the time because we very often do hold inconsistent beliefs without realizing it. But as a rough start, I would say that if a person takes no effort to mend an inconsistancy after it has been pointed out, they are well on the way to becoming a hypocrite.

hypocrisy is indefensible inconsistency.

Personally, I think hypocrisy should be no crime in a debate. Whether or not a person lives up to what they are professing, it’s still legitimate to debate whether it’s right or not.

Actually, failing to live up to what you are professing does not make you a hypocrite. It it claiming to live up to what you are professing and then failing to do so that makes one a hypocrite.

An alcoholic who admits they cannot stop drinking and warns others to stop drinking while they can is not a hypocrite. An alcoholic who hides a bottle of vodka in the toilet tank and tells others to quit drinking, it’s easy, look, I did it! is.

I suspect there’s a large and easily misjudged gray area for people grouping their way through complex issues. It’s as almighty hard to unlearn visceral “truths” as is it to figure out new ones…if new ones are even out there to be found.

I’d wager there are very few people who can muster absolute consistency to the satisfaction of any outside viewer. And that’s the crux, isn’t it? Seamless coherence, or least reasonable consistency, as seen by an outsider. One doesn’t have to look far (friend, family or oneself will do) to demonstrate the mental and moral gymnastics that can, apparently or not, reconcile seemingly polar opposites.

External vs. internal congruence is a damned slippery slope. I don’t doubt that some (many?) people cynically disconnect their beliefs from their actions, for all kinds of reasons. That disaffect may be the exemplar for hypocrisy. But I suspect many apparent inconsistencies could just as well be attributed to “muddling through”, i.e. people carried on by pure habit, or unsure where or how an action/opinion fits in their evolving views. Living a fully aware, considered life is pretty tough.

IOTW, it’s debatable to what degree “hypocrisy” implies a recognizable degree of intent. Is something truly hypocritical if the actor doesn’t see the dissonance?

Veb

I’d say the difference is that the hypocrite is a liar, while the person who is merely inconsistent is not necessarily a liar.

To me, the charge of hypocrisy in a debate only becomes relevant when the offender has either built a case based upon an ethical standard or leveled an accusation against another based upon a lapse of ethics.

Beyond that, it’s probably rude but unlikely to be pertinent.

The differences between hypocrisy and inconsistency are willfulness and contradiction. If I am unaware that my position(s) are in conflict, then I am not a hypocrite. If I am aware but have not intentionally espoused or asserted a position, then I am not a hypocrite. If I willfully assert positions which are inconsistent but not actually contradictory, then I am not a hypocrite.

Examples: [ul]
[li]I denounce alcohol as inherently evil yet have never read the label on my Nyquil bottle.[/li][li]I denounce gender-based segregation yet golf as a guest at a club which I later learn is “men only”.[/li][li]I prefer chocolate ice cream to vanilla, but I like vanilla milk shakes better than chocoloate ones.[/ul][/li]
In the hypotheticals above I would be inconsistent in my positions, but I would not be a hypocrite.

My take is hypocrisy is applying different (moral/ethical) standards to yourself (or your country) and everybody else, having much lower requirements for youself (or your country) than everybody else.

Inconsistency is having different standards at different times.

It’s time for you to take the Philosophical Health Check, posted on the Philosophers’ Magazine page.

I think there’s some sort of agreement underlying what’s being said here (must be the first time I’ve ever simultaneously agreed with december and Spiritus Mundi! :)) and it would consist in willfulness or intent – Hypocrisy is willful inconsistency. It occurs when, having been made aware of apparent inconsistencies in one’s position, one does not explain the different viewpoint that makes them not inconsistent, nor changes one point to remove the inconsistency, but rather refuses to take notice of the problem and insists on one’s rightness without reference to the inconsistency observed by another.

Is that about right, IYHOs?

As a competitive collegiate debater, here’s how I find hypocrisy and inconsistency to play out, FWIW:

Hypocrisy is only important in the context of, say, an election–that is, the choice between two individuals. If one candidate outlines expectations that he has for another, knowing full well that he falls short of them himself, then he is a hypocrite, and, what’s more, at least equally bad (if not worse) than the other. What hypocrisy indicates in this sense is a weakness of character on the part of the debater, which is only a flaw when it is the debater that we are debating. If I say that overall, people should not treat each other badly, but do it myself sometimes–or even on a regular basis–there is nothing to indicate that we should take the statement as false.

Inconsistency, on the other hand, is, at its root, holding two mutually exclusive ideas at once. Very often, people are accused of being inconsistent when they don’t have to be, because a faulty parallelism is established. As an example, one could compare North Korea and Iraq and accuse the Bush Administration of inconsistency for not attacking North Korea while attacking Iraq (if, of course, it does), citing the similarities between the two countries. But this accusation holds very little water, because other circumstances (North Korea’s massive conventional and possibly–probably–nuclear deterrent, for instance) break the parallelism in a relevant way.

Further, even if a debater has been inconsistent, actually a rare event for most semi-decent ones, this doesn’t mean that his entire argument is destroyed. Quite often in varsity debating a novice (or even a veteran) will find something he can present as inconsistent and think that by doing so, he has automatically won. An inconsistent argument, while flawed, is often still superior overall, and often still has validity in one or the other of the clashing statements.

-Ulterior

NDT or LD? What is this year’s resolution?

7% tension. Does it help? :smiley:

Damn. I think I scored a 13%, but I’m not sure–it’s been a while. Although I do recall misreading a couple questions which may raise or lower the score.

I thought it was interesting that the site explained, IIRC, that some philosophical tension is necessary if one is to have values in more than one dimension, which in light of the OP would imply that while hyprocrisy is not necessarily necessary, inconsistency is.

Ack, I’m one-dimensional! :frowning:

Well, maybe you can find work as an action movie character. :smiley:

I know a little saying about hypocrisy:

“Hypocrisy is the homage vice pays to virtue.”–La Rochefoucauld

I think what the saying means agrees in the main with Polycarp’s formulation: true hypocrisy knows that the principal it is trying appear to conform with is a good principal. Mere inconsistency does not imply a knowing failure to conform and an attempt to hide one’s non-conformity.

Thats a fine line and it is hard to tell the difference between the two. 0887

I agree that the difference is knowledge/intent.

P.S. Dang I am one dimensional too.