I have googles this and simply do not know enough about it to find what I am after. In the event of nuclear events, specifically what happens to electrical devices, how long does the problem persist, and what type of nuclear weapons cause these electrical problems?
The term you’re looking for is “electromagnetic pulse” (EMP for short)
I’ll leave it to the electrical engineers to discuss it in detail, but basically a nuclear weapon discharges a hellacious burst of energy which overloads every electrical device in the vicinity. Capacitors blow, transistors are fried, etc.
Think of it as a big, diffused bolt of lightning. It only lasts a fraction of a second, but anything it fries, stays fried.
I am tired and not able to fully respond but while you wait for someone else to come by search under EMP. You may have to use google or another search engine because I don’t think you can search the board for three letter words