[QUOTE=Paul in Saudi]
My ingrown (big toe, left foot) nail is killing me. I just hacked at it and pulled all the nail I could out of the skin. This is as far as I have ever taken it.
But on the other hand, I am on vacation and have time to do the job right. Who the heck deals with these things? A poditrist I suppose? What can they do for me? How about a pedicure place? Or is that being silly?
Further, I suspect a good block of instruction on how to cut my nails would help me avoid this problem in the future?
[/QUOTE]
Ingrown nails are caused when the tissue along the lateral (or medial) nail groove heaps up so that the nail begins to grow into the tissue instead of out the end. Sometimes this is caused by primary irritation of the tissue, which then gets inflamed, swollen, and hypertrophied (excess growth). Things such as poorly fitting shoes or playing soccer can trigger this mechanism.
Some people cut their nails too short and the sharp edge digs into the tissue as it grows out.
Either way, the more the nail becomes ingrown, the more the tissue around it gets inflamed, sore, and hypertrophied, and you get kind of a vicious cycle.
Treatment depends on how bad it is. Sometimes you can just reshape the distal nail and it will do fine. Other times you need to cut the edge of the nail off. You never need to take the whole nail off, in my opinion.
If the whole groove is in bad shape and the problem tends to recur, then part of the germinal matrix should be removed so the the nail is narrowed. The germinal matrix is at the proximal end of the nail, underneath; the nail grows from here. This is not a guaranteed fix, but in good hands it’s a 95% fix. A podiatrist might do a good job, but so will any competent physician. It’s technically simple; you just have to know where to cut.
The germinal matrix can be destroyed by killing the cells with phenol, or by physically cutting away the germinal matrix. I prefer cutting it away, and I have had very good success.
The picture in CMC’s link shows what the nail looks like after the border has been removed.
My anecdotal observation is that most approaches are too timid. To do this properly you have to give a good digital block. If you are going to numb the digit up well enough to lop out the nail border, you might as well do a proper job. If an ingrown nail needs treatment, the operator should be confident, experienced, and comfortable with removing the whole border (as well as the germinal matrix where indicated).