The (bastardized) Cliff’s Notes view of the subject in question…
I think most Muslims follow the aspects of moderation and the self-enlightenment of the soul that is taught in the Koran. Muhammed wrote in the holy text that he recognized Moses and Jesus as prophets, but only he was the true messenger of God. In that respect, like Longhrn said, he wrote to treat Jews and Christians in some form of a brother who didn’t understand God the way he intended them to be. However, his message, the Koran, was the ultimate version.
Through wars to relay the message of the faith,Islam that swept through Eastern Europe and Northern Africa. Foreigners could either choose Islam and be Muslim (which means ‘to submit’) or pay a steep yet reasonable religion tax and freely practice your religion. The trouble began over Jerusalem and when the Pope called for the Crusades. Christians and Jews weren’t cut off nor where they living in Jerusalem in harm’s way but I guess the thought of Muslim’s livin in the ‘house that Jesus built’ was too much for his old heart. So the Muslims were plunged into a war over a land they too was deemed sacred.
Here you have two instances, the rise of Islam and the victory over the Christians, where it was guaranteed that if you died while fighting for your religion then you would get the golden ticket to heaven.
The modern era Ottoman Empire, which controlled most of the Middle East, is a different story itself. Slowly deteriorating over centuries of bad rulers, they sided with the Germans in World War I to fight Russia. You know what happens, and they were carved up like a Turkey and the bulk of the empire was handed to the imperial powers. After gaining their sovereignity after World War II, they find out that more of their land will be taken away and be given to ‘outcasts’ who haven’t lived there for almost a thousand years. Tired of occupation, tired of exploitation, and most of all tired of Western wars, they take up arms and begin another jihad to take back the land that they were living in.
The Bible to them symbolizes the West whom they have fought over the centuries.