Just to throw another wrench into this picture: The inhabitants or Scandinavia and assorted (parts of and whole) islands in the late first millennium were the Norse. The word Viking ranged somewhat in meaning, but “someone who goes off pillaging” was a core meaning (or as a verb “to go off pillaging the weak continentals, or the weaklings in the next fjord over”), and “Inhabitant of Scandinavia” wasn’t.