Yeah. The idea of a world where authoritarian China has so much influence isn’t too appealing to me either.
It is already happening in some ways. The US doesn’t trade with Sudan or Myanmar due to human rights abuses. China could care less. They give weapons to Sudan in exchange for oil and help support the Myanmar dictatorship. China is North Korea’s best ally.
On the plus side, even though other nations will rise rapidly much of the world’s wealth is still in the hands of nations which value human rights and democracy like the OECD nations. As Fareed Zakaria has said, it isn’t that the US is in decline so much as the rest of the world is catching up rapidly. But even so OECD nations will still have a lot of economic clout as well as political clout. And rising nations like India may side with OECD nations over China in a multipolar world. I think other nations and people are going to be afraid of a powerful authoritarian China too, which would make alliances with India, the US and EU more appealing in diplomatic, military or economic matters. China ignores human rights abuses and engages in economic manipulations to benefit itself. I don’t think they’ll win tons of allies if allies have alternatives. Zakaria recently said he visited South Korea and leftist politicians, who are usually very anti-US, told him they were worried the US would abandon them to China. So there is already, according to Zakaria, some fear of a powerful China which will hopefully push nations toward the OECD nations and their more human rights friendly policies.
Plus you have to consider that China and Russia will likely develop more human rights as time passes, so by the time 2040 comes China may not be nearly as bad as they are now. Just 15 years ago people said on the subject of climate change “Why should the US do anything if China is doing nothing”, and now China is starting to lead the globe in clean energy. So things change.
The last 10 years have been bad economically in the US for the bottom 95% (the top 5% and corporate profits did great the last 10 years though). However Russia, Brazil, China, India, etc all saw their middle classes grow dramatically while our middle class shrunk.
As a cavaet, I disagree with the article about the subject of science. The article seems to claim a problem in the US is we don’t have enough domestic scientists to be innovative. I don’t agree, the real problem is we don’t have enough jobs for people trained in science. Most of the people I went to school with abandoned science and did degrees in professional school after undergrad. Many science jobs that do exist are dead end temp jobs with no benefits. The problem is that science is not a key to a lucrative, rewarding career; not that there aren’t enough people trained to do that. That is why so many people trained in science end up in medicine, finance, law or some unrelated field down the road. The jobs don’t exist, and the jobs that do exist aren’t that great.
On the subject of science you also have to worry about reverse brain drain. It used to be the best scientists would come here, get trained, then work here. Now they come here, get trained and go back home. Soon there is a risk that scientists born and trained in the US will move to China, India, Russia, etc and look for work there. Given the choice between a career with a future in China or India, or a dead end temp job in the US (at best, many are stuck in unemployment), I would move to China. I am definately nowhere near the best wrt science. But I’m sure that is a common attitude. Jobs don’t exist here. Even when they do, they are usually contract or temp.