I’m thinking of University of Washington and Washington State University but there are others. Is there a standard naming convention or is it just random?
This thread from a few days ago addresses your quexstion, among others. Note particularly my post #41 in it, which deals specifically with what you ask.
In addition to Polycarp’s linked site, I’ll note that yes, there is a difference. For instance, The Pennsylvania State University is a state school located in central Pennsylvania. The University of Pennsylvania is an ivy league school in Philadelphia. While Penn State is a very good university (a “Public Ivy”), UPenn is better.
To sum, in many states, “University of X” is a bit more prestigious, depends less on state funding, and is often larger (more degree programs, especially at doctoral level, and especially in liberal arts and social sciences fields) than “X State University”.
(But not always. Sometimes, like you said, it is “arbitrary”.)
Three instances that I know a little about are Alabama, Tennessee and Mississippi.
Mississippi State is an SEC major school and has about as strong credentials as Ole Miss (University of Mississippi).
Both Alabama State and Tennessee State are (or were before the breakdown of the classification) “traditional Black schools.” In Alabama, the equivalent to Mississippi State would be the land-grant school of Auburn University. In Tennessee, there is no real equivalent to Mississippi State, with the probable exception of Vanderbilt University (SEC school) which is a private school.
I will echo the “arbitrary” sentiment from earlier posts.
You just described a completely arbitrary situation and so does Polycarp’s linked post. There is no authority that controls usage of these terms and any “rule” you can come up with has numerous, significant exceptions.
Okay, we’re just using different definitions of the word “arbitrary”. I take it to mean “lacking a discernible pattern, however weak, and regardless of whether the pattern results from an intentional directive”; you take it to mean “lacking a strong discernible pattern resulting from an intentional directive”.
It’s also arbitrary because there’s no evidence that in choosing these names any relevant authority has taken notice of or complied with any rule or guideline, whether formal or informal.
Which is precisely what I said in the first paragraph. Along with the concept that I was stating generalizations that were often true but far from consistently so in all instances. Also note “In sum, in many states…” in JKellyMap’s post.
In sum, both of us set forth custom followed often enough to make stating an inference from it useful for the reference of othes, and he implicitly and I explicitly said it had numerous exceptions.
Which makes your post just a bit of an unjust snipe, wouldn’t you say?