Job security does come in many forms in the US. Summary of my work history to follow, could get long.
For the longest time I worked for a very large corporation, lets call them company A, which would only fire somebody after about a year of documenting wrongdoings and warning the employee they were screwing up. This drove me crazy as I was the one doing the work of said screwball on top of my own work. I worked with Company A in 3 different positions in 2 states over a 4.5 year period. At many times I was hoping (sometimes trying) to get fired. The rampant laziness coupled with the companies fear of a lawsuit made some places almost unbearable for me. I was extremely underpaid but could do little about it until I got a job where I could gain some very marketable skills, the risk of quitting was too high and the chance to obtain the skills too near. An employee who starts out on the bottom, displays good ability and work ethic can move up the ladder quickly, however to get more than a 10% raise in a year is virtually impossible (I did get raises of 10% and 17%) with this company. After getting a position in a great field and working for a year, learning some great skills that would make me very desirable to many, it was only a matter of time before I left the company. Last December the opportunity presented itself. I gave a 2 week notice, moved to new job, got $8,000 raise.
New job lasted for 7 months for me, Company B. I quit on the spot, no 2 week notice given or worked, a company that fires most employees that gives a 2 week notice isn’t going to get one from me. Couldn’t stand the business practices of this company, they were legal but far from what I would call doing good business. Company B went bankrupt and fired all employees on the spot 2 months after I left, seems I grabbed a snorkel and started swimming at the right time.
Returned to Company A 9 months after leaving them. The only reason I returned was the fact that my paycheck will be signed by another company, Company C in less than a year. I work basically as a full time employee of Company A under permanent contract to Company C now. That contract will expire in roughly 9 months (or whenever they finish the new office building).
My current situation at a glance:
Job security: great, I probably couldn’t get fired for shooting the Pope working for Company A.
Future outlook: In under a year I will be negotiating with Company C. I returned due to this fact only. We cannot discuss compensation now, boss has to get that budget approved first. I want to work for him, he wants me to work for him, this is all that is known.
What if: What if I don’t come to terms when this job shifts from Company A to Company C? I absolutely refuse to continue working for Company A, not an option for me. You may think this was a high risk but not really. Even with the tech growth slowing down, there are plenty of jobs for guys like me. I now fall under that category of having job security via my skills.
Now back to the OP. Much as the other answers, it depends on so many things. The big picture is that the American economy is working great, the American employee isn’t hurting too bad in most cases, the American company is doing pretty good.
In general it depends less on the state your in than the business your in. If your working for a big company they will have a whole roomfull of rules and practices to keep them from getting in court. If your working for a little company then perhaps your are gaining more benefit from the laws that protect workers. If your working in a factory your probably protected by the union.
Protection comes in so many forms.
You get fired from McDonalds for no reason, get hired by Burger King on the way home.
Reputation, both employer and employee usually take into consideration the effect of reputation. A company that gets a bad reputation is probably gonna end up paying more to attract the new employees it wants and needs. Employees to a lessor degree have this consideration as well.
Well hell, that got too long, sorry. Guess I better look around and see if there is any work I need to be doing.
Alantus