Ok, in order to avoid the pit (if I can), I’ll focus on only one ubiquitous aspect of religion: the refusal to distinguish between fact and belief.
Religious people state their beliefs as if they were immutible facts of reality. Is it a *fact *that Eve was created from Adam’s rib? Is it a *fact *that some biblical characters lived hundreds of years? Is it a *fact *that Jesus walked on water? Is it a *fact *that we are all “sinners”?
There isn’t one shred of evidence to support belief in any one of these, and especially the belief that there is a supreme being that created us and watches over us. Am I supposed to respect someone’s unsubstantiated beliefs as being equal to a proven-in-reality belief? Is quoting the Bible the equivalent of a rigorous process of reason? In short, a belief without evidence might as well be a belief in pixie dust, regardless of how many people believe it, or how strong their belief.
I remember when I was a kid, maybe 7 or 8. We were learning in Sunday school that Abraham was the first monotheist, that he believed in one God, rather than many. I asked the teacher: What if Abraham was wrong, what if there really are many Gods (I hadn’t thought to ask her what if there aren’t *any * Gods). She just replied that “we believe that there is only one God.” That explanation was supposed to answer my question, as if the belief were self-evident, and anyone questioning it was mentally deficient.
There’s always the attitude that nonbelievers are simply blind to a “higher” reality, that somehow your “faith” reveals a reality that is not bound by such mundane things as identity and causality. Well, identity and causality define everything we’ve ever known, and anything “beyond” that is pure fantasy. And yet I’m supposed to believe that “facts are dumb,” and really “deep” thinkers aren’t bound by things like reality and reason.
I see all around me the fallout of religious teachings. I’ve known people who believe in the most crippling fears and superstitions, because they have never been taught to distinguish between fact and fiction. Most people believe whatever they *feel *like believing, being incapable of rationally evaluating any random thought or feeling.
The most destructive thing religion does is undermining believers’ ability to think. Little kids are taught *what * to think, not *how *to think. When they encounter a new idea, whether someone else’s or their own, they are incapable of evaluating that idea, incapable of ascertaining whether that idea should be accepted or rejected.
I work with a woman who is a devout Roman Catholic, who has never taken the responsibility for thinking about her chosen belief system. She believes in the most outrageous superstitions and irrational fears (for example, she believes that Mary Worth wants to attack her, from the other side of a mirror). I’ve tried to explain to her the difference between a fact and a superstition, and her only response is that “nobody really knows what’s real and what isn’t.” Of course, when it comes to her formal religious beliefs, those are supposedly facts that she’s not allowed to question. So all of her beliefs are either mandatory or random. Either way, she’s lost the ability to evaluate ideas (to think).
From my experience this woman is not far from the norm in our society. Just try watching local news broadcasts without being subjected to stories about angels, ghosts, images of Jesus, and phenomena that are described as “miracles.” And this is considered News!
The terrorists in the world have beliefs that aren’t substantially different from many other religious teachings throughout the world. They were never taught how to question the beliefs that were shoved down their throats from an early age. The only difference is that they followed those beliefs to their ultimate conclusion. But we cannot fight terrorists’ beliefs with simply a “different” irrational belief system. The only way to save ourselves (and them) is by understanding that unsubstantiated beliefs cannot be substituted for reason.