As with all education questions, it’s state-by-state, but the ones I’m aware of require parent permission before inflicting corporal punishment.
But if it’s legal in the state and if a parent gives permission and if a school decides to follow through and if you find an educator willing to carry it out, the student is probably SOL for resisting the punishment, and it’ll escalate to the next level of disciplinary action. Same as refusing to comply with any other lawful action on the part of the school.
ETA: I didn’t answer the OP’s question directly, but as I can best see it, “violently fighting back against lawful corporal punishment” is no different than “violently fighting back against having to line up to get lunch.”
I mean, it’s fucking stupid. Corporal punishment in schools is fucking stupid. I’ve never known an educator who longs for the good ol’ days of beating kids to keep them in line.