It seems like a golden opportunity was lost by whoever named our galaxy. Personally, I think ‘The Milky Way’ is a terrible name for a galaxy. How did the Andromeda galaxy get its cool name while ours was stuck with a name that most people associate with a candy bar (the candy bar even sucks)?
So my question is who named the Milky Way and was there a reason for this name? Is it called the Milky Way in foreign countries as well?
The Milky way was named due to the bright ‘milky white’ area that appears through the middle. Who named it ? I’m not sure, it was one of those long ago things, like who named the constellations.
Can’t give you anything to back this up, but I’ve always understood it to be because most of the stars in our galaxy appear to us in a band or path(way) across the sky that, because of the immense number of them, looks sort of cloudy(milky).
So it was the ancient Greeks who referred to it as the Milky Way, which in Greek would be something close to “galaxy”. Blame them.
The phrase “the Milky Way galaxy” is redundant if you go strictly by the etymology of the word “galaxy”. Of course, in accepted usage, it isn’t redundant.
Before astronomers discovered that what they saw as spiral nebulas were really galaxies, they also sometimes referred to the Milky Way as “the Galaxy”.
The Andromeda galaxy is called that because it’s in the constellation Andromeda.
The concept behind the name is pretty old. As this page explains, “Milky Way” is a translation of the Latin Via Lactea, which comes in turn from the Greek Galaxias kuklos, “milky band” (or “milky circle”). Since “galaxy” comes from the Greek phrase, “Milky Way Galaxy” is kind of redundant–The “Milky Way Milky Thing”. The Andromeda Galaxy is named after the constellation it appears to be in; since we’re inside the Milky Way Galaxy, it pretty much appears to be in all the constellations, although as this page notes, the “milky way” itself (that is, the luminous band visible in the night sky, or visible outside of the 'burbs, at any rate) is only found in certain constellations.
In general, the stuff that’s really familiar doesn’t get the cool names. Take “the Planet Earth”, for instance. Planet “Earth” is hardly better than just saying “We live on ‘the ground’”. Other planets get the cool names, like Mars or Trantor or Tatooine.
Of course, the word galaxy is, in fact, a reference to the Milky Way (from the Greek gala, milk). So once a constellation had already been named Andromeda by the ancient Greeks, it was the modern astronomers who realized that the cluster of whirling stars that was seen in that constellation was, in fact, of the same sort as those in which we found ourselves (not being able to see the galaxy for the stars, as it were).
I don’t happen to find the name “The Milky Way” to be particularly uncool. Get out away from the lights of the cities and see the real Milky Way. In the otherwise dark sky, punctured by hundreds of tiny lights, there is a very visibly “pathway” of soft, creamy light that wanders across the sky, most of its tiny stars seeming to blend together.
It is certainly as good a name as being named after some pretty fluff whose mom brought down a curse on a whole kingdom by bragging on one’s beauty.