By and large, the ‘cure’ of any infection that can be treated with oral antibiotics is not going to be compromised by a missed dose. In fact, there is very little data to guide the dose, duration, and route of antibiotics for most infections. Much of what is done is done simply because that’s way it’s done.
For example, it used to be the case that bladder infections in women were treated with a week or two of antibiotics. Now, two day courses are employed.
One other example: standard treatment of kidney infection (pyelonephritis), a much more serious condition than bladder infection, was often with two weeks of antibiotics. This important study not only showed that one week of therapy was just as good as two weeks, but that *oral *treatment in general was perfectly satisfactory (IV antibiotics are often used for kidney infection because, well, because . . .) and that these results held even if the infection had spread to the bloodstream (!) (this last bit is not in the abstract but can be found in the full text). In other words, even for a common infection like pyelonephritis, the “best” or even an “appropriate” antibiotic treatment regimen is far from clear.
IANAD, but if it happened to me, and it has in the past, I would just continue on and not worry about the missed dose. I wouldn’t take two doses to make up for it. You should obviously consult your doctor if you are concerned.
Usually, it will say in the directions, for the majority of drugs not just anti-biotics, that if you miss a dose, you should not double up on doses, just take the next scheduled dose like normal.
I skipped a pill a long time ago and called the doctor (at the insistence of my wife), he said take the extra pill at the end. She did it once also and called her doctor who told her to forget it. I don’t tolerate antibiotics well so I’d never take the double dose anyway. As Karl described it’s not clear at all, and the timing and dosage is a general guideline recommended for everyone. This seems to apply to a lot of medications, it doesn’t sound practical to test enough different people on enough different schedules to work out the optimal dosage and schedules to customize it for every individual. As I think about it, it sounds impossible, even if you take into account factors like weight, age, gender, etc. there’s going to be too much variation in individuals to account for, and each infection will have different characteristics also. That doesn’t mean more research shouldn’t be done though. Doctors aren’t overprescribing they way they used to which may be the best improvemt we’ll get.