Repulsion, starring Catherine Deneuve. What do I win? 
I was thinking of this last night. It’s a perfect example, and I’ve seen it, but I’m curious if there’s something similar - just not as long or mundane.
I think the OP would dig Starfish and perhaps also I Kill Giants
Dolores Clairborne (1995). Director Taylor Hackford is Helen Mirren’s husband in real life. Kathy Bates and Jennifer Jason Leigh play an estranged mother and daughter, and Judy Parfitt has a smaller part that I thought was the best performance of the film, which is saying a lot, as the cast is superb. Kathy Bates considers it to be the best performance of her career. So dark that I found parts hard to watch, yet I couldn’t look away.
I’m surprised no one has mentioned The Scarlet Letter (any of the many versions). It seems to me that Hester Prynne is the original “outcast” woman.
That’s a great example- love that movie and Kathy Bates and Judy Parfitt were both perfect for their parts.
A Girl in Black (1956)
To koritsi me ta mavra
Water is about widows in an ashram in 1930s India. It is a terrible statement about what their lives were like but it is not without it’s beautiful moments. I recommend it.
Sort of qualifying in this genre is Cat People (1942), starring Simone Simon as a woman who fears she will metamorphose into a panther if aroused to passion.
This does not do wonders for her love life.
Who You Think I Am
Did anyone mention the girl with the dragon tattoo?
Looking For Mr. Goodbar ?
If I understand the OP correctly, this would fit the bill:
Alice Doesn’t Live Here Anymore - Wikipedia
executive summary: A young widow (Ellyn Burnstyn) and her child travel across the country to return to her childhood home, but get waylaid in Arizona.
Inspired the sitcom Alice which ran for many years in the 70s. Iirc, the film was more of a drama than the TV comedy.
Since all the obvious ones have already been mentioned, I’ll go with something a little different. I enjoyed a Netflix Chinese animated move called, “Green Snake”. After a girl named Verta and her sister lost a battle with a super villain, she was literally cast out of her realm and into a very hostile environment where just surviving was a constant challenge.
Asuraville was a realm containing people who had obsessions, and the only escape was to release one’s obsession. In doing so, however, the tradeoff was to forget and lose the willpower to achieve what you wanted more than anything else in your life. Verta’s battle to escape Asuraville and find her sister without having to do that made for a pretty compelling story.
I really liked that movie. Though it’s apparently a sequel to a movie that’s hard to find. There’s also a Tsui Hark wuxia by the same name that’s completely unrelated.
It’s a sequel to, “White Snake”. In fact, an alternative title to “Green Snake” is “White Snake 2”.
There is talk of a sequel to “Green Snake”, but I found nothing concrete.