2015: Angels or Sunday Candy - Chance the Rapper
2015: Depreston - Courtney Barnett
2013: Do I Wanna Know?- Arctic Monkeys
2010: This Too Shall Pass - Ok Go
2009: No One Knows - Queens of the Stoneage
2008: You Don’t Know Me - Ben Folds
This list is sort of top-heavy. But still, all great songs!
Thanks folks. I’m going to make a playlist out of these. My 10 year old really digs Django Django
I can’t meet the challenge – but I heard 1 song a few years back that really rocked me– Ain’t Nothing Wrong With That by Robert Randolph.
Oh and no one has posted anything by TV on the Radio, Gogol Bordello, Arcade Fire, Drake, The New Pornographers, Nico Case, Daft Punk, Vampire Weekend, Kanye… Lots of others. We are falling down on providing modern music.
My music tastes definitely skew towards the 1970s, but here are a few recent songs which I really enjoy (in most cases, I’ve bought an album or two from the artists, and liked everything I’ve heard).
It’s probably not a coincidence that a lot of these have a retro sound to them. 
2013: Lose Yourself To Dance - Daft Punk
2013: A Year In Its Passing - The Wilderness of Manitoba
2013: Firecracker - Michael Bernard Fitzgerald
2012: Little Talks - Of Monsters and Men
2011: Moneygrabber - Fitz & the Tantrums
2011 (though popular in the US in 2014): Come With Me Now - Kongos
2008: White Winter Hymnal - Fleet Foxes
Lucius, “Go Home”
The Bird and the Bee, “Again and Again”
The Weepies, “Antarctica”
A Silent Film, “You Will Leave a Mark”
Ray LaMontagne, “Repo Man”
Tom Waits, “Hell Broke Luce”
Ultimate Painting, "Three Piers"
Fair point… I’ll post 7 songs picking from… Arcade Fire, Drake, Vampire Weekend, Daft Punk, and Kanye… you can get the others (as I don’t know them as well) ;). I’ll only pick hits of theirs
Arcade Fire: “Ready to Start”
Arcade Fire: “Sprawl II (Mountains Beyond Mountains)”
Daft Punk: “Get Lucky” - it may not be their best in the last 10 years, but it definitely is the most iconic
Drake: “Hold On, We’re Going Home”
Kanye West: “Runaway” - though it was insanely hard to pick between this and “Power” which was on the same album
Kanye West: “Heartless”
Vampire Weekend: “Hannah Hunt”
I’ll give a couple of New Pornographers tunes to help with the above (agree with the rest of the choices, too.)
From the most recent album: “Dancehall Domine”
From the first album: My Slow Decent into Alcoholism. Or Mass Romantic.
From somewhere in the middle: Use It.
Love the drumming on these albums. Kurt Dahle is one of my favorite modern drummers. Unfortunately, he left the band a year ago. 
If you love the 70s and know Zep’s “Fool in the Rain” pretty well, watch for the nod to Bonham in “Use It” with the couple bars of the Fool in the Rain beat at the end of the choruses.
I still haven’t listened to everything but here’s a little feedback:
I was already familiar with Ben Folds “You Don’t Know Me”, so yeah that’s top notch. Ben Folds is awesome. Natalie Prass’ “My Baby Don’t Understand Me” was fantastic.
Some of these songs are too formulaic. “Hospital Beds”, “Kids”, “Young Blood” start out with the hook…repeat it six times, throw in a few lyrics and repeat the hook another 4 times. It’s cheesy. BLAM you’ve written 1/3rd of a song without even trying. That said…they’re fun. They’re fine. Just not top-notch IMHO.
That Sloan song was great. The Foxygen song a lot of fun.
Supertracks from the last 10 years? Check out Ariel Pink’s Haunted Graffiti - Round and Round:
Enthusiastic agreement on New Pornographers. ‘Together’ is also a great, great album.
Might be the best song in the last 10 years.
Honestly, I think all their albums are great. It depends on what mood you’re in, but they really could do no wrong by me, if you like interesting pop music.
Sing Me Spanish Techno by The New Pornographers. One of the best songs EVAH.
This is also one of the best songs of the last 10 years. Possibly the best.
Thank God people have come to their senses and forgot all about “The Greatest Music Video of All Time.”
Enjoying this thread, just not sure when I am going to hear all this stuff. I am a New Pornographers fan, but am way behind in their output, so look forward to listening.
By the way, the NYTimes has a special feature on their website: 25 songs that tell us where music is going.
Wow - I got to bookmark it and make my way through its epicness!
Belle and Sebastian - Act of Apostles
TV on the Radio - either Golden Age or Wolf Like Me - I can’t choose.
Gogol Bordello - When the Trickster Starts a Poking - this one is a bit of a cheat, but I don’t care. Most people found out about them within the last 10 years.
Rilo Keily - Portions for Foxes - Also a cheat but I decided that I liked this song better than their more recent works. I refuse to be constrained by your arbitrary endpoint rules!
The Mountain Goats - Dilaudedand Dance Music are my favorite tracks. They have released lots more recent tracks. Down with arbitrary endpoints (maybe I need to stop listening to so much music from 10 years ago?)
Jonathan Colton - Code Monkey - not actually my favorite of his songs but probably the best introduction to his music. If you like this he has LOTS more and much of it is even better.
And even with cheating I am out of space again.
Oh and, if you didn’t like Kids by MGMT give Time to Pretend a shot before deciding to write the band off. At least it’s pretty funny.