I encountered a probability question recently that has given me fits:
Six friends – Alex, Beth, Chad, Don, Emily, Fred, and George – are headed to popular restaurant for dinner. When they arrive they learn that there are no tables available to accommodate the whole bunch. They must split into a group of two and a group of four. They divide themselves into these two groups randomly (via some no doubt clever, but irrelevant mechanism). What is the probability that Alex and Beth end up at the same table?
I whipped up a solution that I believed to be correct. My solution, however, was not among the multiple choice answers. The nature of my encounter with this problem was such that I did not get to see the correct answer. Where did I go wrong? (Or am I correct and the test makers wrong?) My solution is below, in the spoiler box.
While mathematical solutions are more than welcome, I figured the problem was small enough that I could just use brute force. Below find every combination of diners that could be seated at the two-person table. The remaining diners presumably sat together at the four-person table. A=Alex. B=Beth.
AB*
AC
AD
AE
AF
AG
BC
BD
BE
BF
BG
CD**
CE**
CF**
CG**
DE**
DF**
DG**
EF**
EG**
FG**
One star (*) denotes the combination that seats Alex and Beth together at the two-person table. Two stars (**) denote that combinations that seat neither Alex nor Beth at the two-person table, thereby seating them together at the four-person table.
There are 21 possible seating combinations. 11 of these seat Alex and Beth at the same table. My answer is therefore 11/21. This was not among the selectable answers.