Optimal Bicycle seating

Well, no downside except for less efficient pedaling. Your leg muscles are most efficient when they can contract and extend through a particular distance. (or do you think tiny, 15mm crankarms would be just as efficient?)

Yes. In one of John Forrester’s books he relates the story of a race he was in, where the main threat to his team had extra long crankarms, but a standard frame. So they decided to attack in a turn when he couldn’t turn as tightly and pedal at the same time.

True, but the drop in efficiency doesn’t happen within the distance range we’re talking about here. The recumbent trike manufacturer Greenspeed tested different cranks and found that power output does not drop until you get down to a crank length of 100mm.