1 a : to examine or consider with attention and in detail,
b : to look over or through in a casual or cursory manner
So which is it, in “Detailed” or “Perfunctory” manner? And how does one know which is meant when?
AHD4 lists only the ‘detailed’ definition and, in the usage note, states that the usage panel voted down the ‘perfunctory’ one. If you wish to be fundamentalist about it you might not want to use it in reference to reading at all, as a glance at the etymology will show. As to which meaning applies in any given instance of its use, you’ll have to rely on context.
Which are called contronms (or sometimes antonyms). A google nets you thousands of them, it’s quite amazing. And many are quite common and almost completely unambiguous in context.
bolt - secure, run away
buckle - fasten, fall apart
by - multiplication (e.g., a three by five matrix), division (e.g., dividing eight by four)
cleave - separate, adhere
consult - ask for advice, give advice
custom - usual, special
deceptively smart - smarter than one appears, dumber than one appears
dike - wall, ditch
dollop - a large amount, a small amount
dust - add fine particles, remove fine particles
enjoin - prescribe, prohibit
fast - quick, unmoving
Here’s a shortened list from the first site returned.