[QUOTE=jjimm]
Aha, nobody’s yet mentioned America off of Bernstein’s West Side Story.
Not that complex compared to others mentioned, but it appears to be one bar of 6/8 followed by one of 3/4. There’s probably a more musically correct way of expressing that, but it’s been a while since I studied the subject.
1-2-3 1-2-3 1-2 1-2 1-2
[I like to] [be in A] [me|-ri|-ca|]
[/QUOTE]
I don’t have my original sheet music of that song in front of me, but I seem to recall it was the same time sig throughout.
Just because the accents shift doesn’t mean the time sig must change, and it usually doesn’t for this kind of rhythm. 6/8 can be subdivided as 3+3 or 2+2+2 without any special notation, although some composers will helpfully indicate (3+3)(2+2+2) as a sub-sig at the start of the piece if every 2 bars will repeat the rhythm every time.
How the composer notates such rhythmic complexities is often a personal choice. If the sig changes from x/4 to x/8, he will have to tell the performer what is constant, that is, does a quarter note retain the same time value in each sig, or does an 8th note take on the previous value of the quarter?
Sometimes there is a change in feel to 3 notes in place of 2 (a triplet). While a time sig could be used for this, it is a lot easier to use a 3:2 notation over the 3 notes (a bracket or slur with “3” in the middle, the “2” is assumed). This makes more sense if the change is infrequent in the tune. However, I have seen the 3:2 notation used for every single measure in a song, either out of ignorance or misplaced notational exuberance.
I once had someone tell me to use that clumsy notation for a song when 6/8 would have been the “right” way to most musicians. The reason given (it was the person who hired me, so he got to decide) was that no amateur musician could read 6/8, and would reject the sheet music the minute he saw the unfamiliar sig, but they could read 4/4 with a forest of triplets and would buy it.
And if the “composer” was the kind who doesn’t write (on paper) music, the person who wrote down what you buy for sheet music may have been a scribe who was given the recorded music and told to write it out. In this case, what you see on paper may not be what a more classically-trained musician would write. However, in the case of any Sondheim/Bernstein work, I strongly suspect it was written down exactly.
If anyone recalls Henry Mancini’s big band version of “Green Onions,” that is an interesting example of the triplet feel. The entire song is in a swing 4/4, but the last 16 bars suddenly switches to a strong triplet feel and never switches back. Did Hank write that in 3/4 or just use quarter note triplets? Dunno – I didn’t work for Hank until years later, so I haven’t seen his original score and it could work either way.