Aha! I changed my search parameters and I think I have it. Uncapped means you take the examination again and you get what you get, even if you ace the examination. Capped means you take the examination again and you get what you get up to a certain maximum score, even if your score actually exceeded that cap.
It seems “uncapped” is good news: it means you will get the full grade for the exam, as if you were taking it for the first time. “Capped” would mean that your grade can never exceed a certain fraction of the maximum grade.
Evidently the determiner is school or organization policy. The test concerned is from some outfit in the United Kingdom and our school is in Beijing, so it’s too early to call the folks in London for clarification. The folks in London also want to permit the students to resit the examinations as often as they wish; however, that sounds untenable given time constraints for getting accepted to overseas universities, obtaining visas, and other things involved with going abroad to study.
It is going to vary. Back when I was in the game we allowed uncapped results for students that were resitting for what you might call genuine reasons. Illness, compassionate grounds and the like. Students could also be offered a resit if they had only just failed. This was on the basis that that students should get a shot at redemption. They would usually have their mark capped at a simple pass.
The modern world of industrial level cheating and rorting of the system has made a lot of this difficult to manage in a fair manner. But that is a different question.
I was stumbling over the question. Took me a while to réalise « resit » wasn’t pronounced similar to « resist ». Once I mentally stuck a hyphen in there I was better off: « re-sit ».