Bal bearings are incredibly far developed, the bearings in typical road bike wheels will spin @ 24000 rpm or roughly 2800 km/h.
[A typical bearing in a bike wheel is a 6803 go to NTN or SKF to see for yourself.]
It is extremely unlikely that the bearings will impose any kind of limit on the maximum speed.
I feel like this needs some physical modelling, not necessarily super realistic, but detailed enough to include the essential forces and moments involved. Then one could attempt a stability analysis (at least numerically).
EG: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239293889_Linearized_dynamics_equations_for_the_balance_and_steer_of_a_bicycle_A_benchmark_and_review