The people on the list – allegedly – had an “option” to buy at a discounted price. If the option is time-sensitive one can make the argument that it is a real investment vehicle. If the particular “credit recipient” must buy at a certain price at a certain time, that’s a real option. There are still ways to make the transaction fraudulent, but I don’t want to give you any ideas.
Here is the mechanism, I guess…
One kind of option is to buy [whatever] for a certain price at a fixed date in the future with the idea being to instantly resell at a profit.
Or, in the alternative, you end up “buying” at a “lower” price when the market price has since become even lower and you lose money. Why “buying” – because you don’t really buy anything, these are all just paper transactions. Why “lower” – because the price you set is arbitrary in the first place. (Woops!, Cat, out of bag)
FYI, the other option is to “sell” at a future date. That might mean purchasing [whatever] at the market price in order to sell it. Just keep reading the sentences over-and-over, eventually it makes sense.
This scheme – allegedly – was lossproof for the particular recipients of the “oil credits.” Or, I’m guessing, the Treasury Dept. would not have made the statement they made. If these were sham options they amount to bribes. Bribery is bad, generally speaking.
Another way of looking at this is stock options. How were stock options treated when paid as compensation to employees in lieu of money? Many companies refused to “expense” stock options in any way. One thing, among many, that means is – dilution. Stock dilution. What you are being paid (stock) is being inflated (devalued) as if it were money by making more and more stock. This can be spun a million different ways if you think about it, depending on who is aware of the dilution, and when.
So-called “sham” transactions are created for a reason. It’s another level of legal defense, beyond laundering the money. That’s the key, the money trail.