Saudi financiers of Iran / Contra scandal

I am researching the Iran / Contra scandal and I am running into something of a gap. It is well known that Saudi buisiness magnate Adnan Khashoggi contributed to the Iranian accounts so they could purchase weaponry from the US and Israel. What is not terribly clear is how Khashoggi was related to Saudi Arabia’s intelligence apparatus. I find it inconceivable that Khashoggi was operating on his own, especially when his name appears in proximity to Kamal Adham, then Saudi Arabia’s intel head. I have read a number of claims surrounding Khashoggi and Adham, such as:

  • They were personal friends
  • They were both deeply involved in the BCCI scandal
  • Khashoggi puchased the Safari Club where Adham met with other intel agencies
  • Khashoggi and Adham jointly founded the Barrick Gold Corporation to fund the Iranians
  • Khashoggi and Adham jointly operated an investment firm that is tangentially related to training the 9/11 hijackers
  • Adham bailed Khashoggi out when he got in financial trouble

What all of these claims have in common is that they fail to mention their primary sources or research methodology. Also, many of them come in the context of 9/11 screeds and conspiracy theory websites. I have not seen anything that actually says Khashoggi conspired with Oliver North at the direction of the Saudi government, nor have I seen Khashoggi and Adham’s relationship clarified in any reputable or peer-reviewed publication.

Does anyone have a reputable reference that can explain this?