That’s not from Ben Hur, that’s from a photo series taken in the '30s. Novarro is never nude in Ben Hur–skimpily and suggestively dressed, yes, but not nude. There is a naked man in the film, though, playing a galley slave chained to a wall.
A pair of breasts hell, it’s a whole parade of them, and in Technicolor, no less.
Movies about these topics were tremendously popular in the late teens in Europe, especially Germany during the brief window during and after WWI when there was no film censorship. They generally went under the title “Enlightenment Film”, and some may genuinely have been, but mostly they were just exploitation. Still, they played in mainstream cinemas and drew enormous audiences.
Richard Oswald’s 1917 film Let There Be Light! really kicked-off the genre. It turned into a film franchise with plots revolving around venereal diseases, mostly syphilis. Then there was Diary of a Lost Girl in 1918, which starts off with a rape resulting in pregnancy and leads to a life of prostitution. Speaking of prostitution, there’s Prostitution in 1919. Not terribly sexy, but Different From the Others, also from 1919, does revolve around two gay men and features scenes of a gay bar. It’s also the first film to actually use the word “homosexual”. And that’s just Oswald, lots of other directors were in on the act, too.
Very few Enlightenment Films survive. Of those I’ve mentioned, beyond newspaper reviews and personal letters, we’ve got around 20 minutes from Different From the Others, a few scattered stills, and that’s it. Diary of a Lost Girl was remade in 1929 with Louise Brooks, and it survives. It’s depictions of prostitution are explicit and it also adds a bunch of lesbianism to the story for good measure (there’re also gay and lesbian subplots in Brooks’s other European silent, Pandora’s Box, as well mistresses and threats of being sold into Egyptian sex-slavery).
As for abortion, I’m sure there’s a better example, but it’s suggested in A Woman of Affairs (1928). It’s not explicit, like it is in the book the film is based on, but it’s hinted at enough.
For gay sex (and not just gay characters), the earliest I know of is Sex in Chains (1928), although you could make an unconvincing argument for Courtship of the Sun and Moon (1907). Sex in Chains is about two men finding each other in prison.
As for Gone With the Wind-style basking, the list is endless. For a start, watch any Garbo/Gilbert silent, or really, any pre-Code romance.