An excellent, if somewhat dated, look at bias in the newsmedia can be found in Martin Lee’s book, Unreliable Sources.
You don’t need to have someone from the head office constantly looking over a news outlet’s shoulder in order to ensure spin. It can be done bysimply structuring the operation so that bias is built right in.
You might call your paper to complain if the Business section were missing, because it would be obvious that a mistake has been made. But we don’t seem to notice that there’s never a Labor section.
Also, stories have been known to com e from fewer sources than you might think. A paper will sometimes take an AP story, have a reporter change a few words, and place the local guy’s byline under the title.
You also must remember the “Golden Age” of the unbiased journalism of yore is largely a myth. Media outlets are organs of the owner’s wishes, whether that’s a private individual or a corporation. And don’t forget that most media runs on ad revenue. How is it that there is always more news to report on a Sunday than any other day of the week? We’ve all seen stuff in newspapers and magazines that look and read like articles but are marked “Special Advertising Section”. Did you know that the same thing happens on television news without the disclaimer?
The only way to get unfiltered information would be to be there yourself, or place cameras everywhere. Look at what’s available, but always be aware of who paid for it to be in front of you and think about why.
Even better, get outa yer house and talk to people.
I recall when my eyes were first opened to media bias. It was the mid-80s, and some people protesting a certain company by lying on the tracks the trains used to come in and out of their plant were hit by a train. Someone was there with a camera and you saw a guy’s legs getting chopped off by the wheels.
The way it was presented on the news, it more or less looked like these people had got it into their heads that if they just plunked themselves down, they could force the train to stop on a dime, in violation of any reasoable expecations of the physics at play. They came off looking like a bunch of stupid kooks.
I mentioned this to the people I was interning with at the time, a politically-oriented theater group. Not only had they already heard about it, it turns out they actually knew the organizers of the protest, who had made their protest plans very plain to the company in the days and weeks leading up to that day. It became quite clear to me that a freight train had deliberately been sent down some tracks where the company knew people would be on the tracks, which gives the whole incident a different look.
Unfortunately, 18 years has erased enough details (name, place, etc.) that I have been unable to formulate a fruitfull Google search string.