Makes sense.
It sounds like High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) might be something you are interested in. You will need to eat more to maintain your weight, but it would lead to a more fit cardio system. One caveat is HIIT won’t be very beneficial if you don’t get your cardio system in moderate shape beforehand, as its effectiveness is dependent on you really pushing yourself to the limit.
This is the main drawback of this type of training, it’s not suitable for a beginner.
The training described in the Wiki article is pretty much how a middle distance or long distance track runner trains when peaking for a race or series of races.
A peak can be reached in the 7 weeks described. What is not addressed is how the body copes with that level of intensity in the long term.
Authur Lydiard first promoted the concept of building a base then peaking after observing that track runners of his day often could not predict when a peak would occur, sometimes resulting in subpar performances when a peak performance was needed.(Olympics, Championships)
Track runners of that period typically trained with intervals year round, similar in concept to HIIT.
Also, not everyone is suited to pushing themselves that hard all the time and will burn out quickly.
You haven’t stated what your goal is.
Running may or may not be a good solution. You can get all the information in the world about running and sprinting, but that does nothing to indicate if it’s the proper activity for you based on your stated goals.
So far you’ve mentioned that you are curious about running, but haven’t said WHY you are. You off hand mentioned that sprinters have good bodies, but it’s not clear if you are trying to achieve that body or if you have other goals or motives.
If you want to get a sprinters body there are much more effective ways to do that without sprinting. A sprinters body is built to sprint, not as a result of sprinting if you follow my meaning.