Gender pat gap statistics are very often misused and misunderstood. The example above, just looking at the mean income for both the genders, tells us little or nothing about the state of gender discrimination. Does that figure include all women, or just working women? If it includes all women, then the mean will necessarily be drawn down by stay-at-home wives and mothers, which says nothing about the state of gender equality, except that more women than men tend to work in the home.
The figure also does not take into account differences in education and experience which would tend to increase the income of men. Now, these disparities tell us something of at least the state of gender discrimination in the past, since men, composing the majority of the work force, would have accumulated more experience and education, therefore increasing their income.
In order to garner some kind of meaningful information about the pay gap, one would have to identify how much women earn, on the average, for doing the exact same jobs, with the exact same level of education and experience. As you might imagine, this is not an easy thing to measure. Comparing jobs in order to identify two that are the “same” is difficult because job titles and descriptions do not always reflect exactly what work the employee performs.
So, while I don’t doubt that women generally get shafted in the paycheck area, I hate hearing pay gap statistics because they are almost always presented with little explanation of what exactly they measure and the issue is far too complicated to be distilled into one figure (70 cents on the dollar, or somesuch.)
Anyway, I know that among my demographic (college students), using personal observation and anecdote, I know that the women I know are pulling in a lot more money than the men. Waitressing is the most prominent cause of this disparity. Women are easily able to get a job as a waitress and make lots of money from tips. Say what you want about what this says about the state of gender equality (it could easily be considered degrading for the women involved, and I might sympathize somewhat with that sentiment), but the fact is that it’s a lot easier for the women I know to make money than for the men. Heck, it’s hard for me to find a job at all. (I’m a guy with long hair.)