The canal levees that failed were concrete barriers atop an earthen base, and it was the base that washed out. So it could very well be faulty construction.
As a court reporter, I did a contract appeal case a couple years back revolving around faulty levee construction (in a different area, though, up near the Bonne Carré spillway), where the contractor claimed that the Corps was having material brought in to build the levee with that had waaaay too much tree debris in it and not enough of the clay necessary for good levee construction. I never did find out how it turned out, but I’ve sure thought about it a lot in recent weeks. I’ve never forgotten the head of the trucking subcontractor, though, saying folks were asking him, “Why are you hauling those loads of branches?” when he was supposed to be hauling clay levee fill. :eek: