It’s been surmised their were spies at Washington’s headquarters who have never been identified. They were privy to the early deliberations of Washington’s war council and correctly passed along to British Major General James Grant that Washington’s army was looking to attack north of the river. Grant passed along this information to General Leslie and Col. Von Donop who then passed it along to Col. Johann Rall at Trenton.
The day before, Rall had received two American deserters who had crossed the river and told the Hessians that the American army was ready to move. History records that a series of false alarms and the growing storm had given the Hessian defenders a sense that no attack was likely this night.
In the Bugs Bunny short, « Bunker Hill Bunny » Bugs plays a an American patriot, while Yosemite Sam is a Hessian.
Sam gets blown up several times. After the last time, dangling from a destroyed tree, Sam says « I’m a Hessian without no aggression », and switches sides to join Bugs.
Most of the combat in what’s called the Battle of Bunker Hill (June 17, 1775) actually took place on Breed’s Hill, which is next to it.
No Hessian troops fought at the Battle of Bunker Hill. David Hackett Fischer, in his 2004 Pulitzer Prize-winning history Washington’s Crossing, noted that about a third of all Hessian and other Germanic troops, fighting for the British Crown during the American Revolution, either remained in the U.S. after the war, or eventually returned to live here.
Hessian troops have been labeled “mercenaries” by some historians, while others (such as British historian Stephen Conway) have called them “auxiliaries” and involved in Soldatenhandel (German: ‘soldier trade’), a practice of European states to raise and lease armed forces for compensation, especially in the German states of the Holy Roman Empire. With the development of Soldatenhandel, smaller states could now raise their own armies and negotiate contracts with larger countries and offer cheaper prices than private mercenary contractors.
Hessian boots, originally military riding boots made from polished leather and decorated with ornamental tassels, were first worn by Hessian light cavalry in the late 1700s. In the early 1800s they became popular among high society men in England as well and were considered suitable for formal events both indoors and outdoors. The boots became so popular that small boot polishing shops and street corner “polishing stations” became the norm.
Winston Churchill, almost unrecognizable as a slim young Hussar officer, is shown wearing Hessian boots here: Churchill, uniform - Hessian (boot) - Wikipedia
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Winston Churchill took part in perhaps the last major cavalry charge in British military history, at the Battle of Omdurman in 1898, and, many years later as Prime Minister, authorized his country’s development and acquisition of nuclear weapons.
The Kentucky Derby is hosted by Churchill Downs, a horse racing establishment in Louisville, KY. It officially opened in 1875 and was named for Samuel Churchill, whose family was prominent in Kentucky for many years.
African-American jockey Oliver Lewis rode Aristides to victory in the first Kentucky Derby in 1875.
During the final season (1974-75) of the television sitcom The Brady Bunch, the show’s producers felt that the show had lost some of its appeal due to the aging of the actors who played the Brady children (all of whom were now twelve years old or older). In the latter part of the season, they introduced a new, younger character, “Cousin Oliver,” played by Robbie Rist.
The Cousin Oliver character wasn’t well-received by fans, and the show was cancelled after the season; the addition of the character has come to be synonymous with “jumping the shark,” to symbolize when a TV series has gone irretrievably downhill.
Ninja’d!
Oliver! is a stage musical, which was written by Lionel Bart. Based on the Dickens novel Oliver Twist, the show premiered in 1960 in London and enjoyed a record-breaking run. It ran on Broadway and has had several revivals in London. A 1968 movie based on the play garnered six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Oliver! was the first musical adaptation of a Charles Dickens work to become a stage hit.
Continuing with the Oliver theme…
Good Morning Starshine is a 1967 song from the musical Hair and sung by William Oliver Swofford (1945-2000). The song peaked at #3 in the US, #1 in Canada, and #6 in the UK in 1969. Swofford performed under the mononym Oliver.
A number of early cast members in the rock musical Hair went on to greater stardom. Members of the Broadway and/or Los Angeles casts in 1968 and 1969 included Ben Vereen, Keith Carradine, Meat Loaf, Jennifer Warnes, Melba Moore, Ted Neely, Vicki Sue Robinson, and Ted Lange.
Bobby and Ted Kennedy walked with their bereaved sister-in-law Jackie in the funeral procession for the late President John F. Kennedy in 1963. Bobby would be assassinated less than five years later, in 1968, while running for President himself; Ted would be defeated in the Democratic primaries when ran against incumbent President Jimmy Carter in 1980.
Ted Kennedy delivered the eulogy for both of his brothers, John and Robert.
Cite? I know he famously did for Bobby in 1968; I don’t believe he did for Jack in 1963.
I saw the eulogy he gave for Bobby and he mentioned it was the second bother he had eulogized.
I cannot find mention of this in the eulogy for Bobby, although I probably have not found the full transcript.
According to Eulogy Assistant, the eulogies for JFK at his funeral were given by Cardinal Richard Cushing and Chief Justice Earl Warren.
In play:
JFK was the second of nine children born to Joseph Kennedy, Sr, and Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy. The eldest, Joseph Jr, was killed in August of 1944 when the Naval plane he was piloting exploded over East Suffolk, England. His remains have never been recovered.