I had this too. My voice returned on its own. I did take some ibuprofen, which is good for swelling, and a combination cough medicine of dextromethorphan and guaifenisen. The second is an expectorant. It will keep your cough from being dry; a wet cough is a lot less irritating than a dry cough. The dextro is a suppressant. I still coughed with it, but it cut the amount by about 80% and the intensity by about 50%. I also stopped having coughing fits that woke me up and made it hard to catch my breath.
This is something I get from time to time, maybe every four or five years. I will have a bad upper respiratory infection, and it will be followed by a bronchitis that lasts 4-6 weeks. I sometimes get laryngitis during the bronchitis.
Warm liquids, rest, and ibuprofen are the only treatments, along with the cough suppressants so it doesn’t get worse.
A note on talking: aside from talking irritating your larynx, if you talk, especially shout, while you have laryngitis, you can cause scarring on your vocal folds, AKA vocal “nodes,” which make your voice raspy.
I understand your situation-- I have a child too, and when he was small, my husband was in the Army Reserves, and I now work in a job where I have to go in sick if I’m not contagious. But limit your talking as much as possible, and for cripes’ sake, don’t shout. Try to project from your diaphragm, like you are speaking on stage, and get as much volume as you can that way. Shouting tightens up your throat. Projecting relaxes it.
If you still have laryngitis when your husband gets back, see a doctor. You might need steroids. I had to have them once for a very bad case of laryngitis where I quite literally could not speak, not at all. My husband knows just a little bit of sign language, and I sure as heck made him use it. I actually thought about getting an interpreter for the doctor’s appointment, but I settled for writing things down, and letting DH fill in details.