I’m compiling a list of potential careers or trades that people from the Middle Ages and before could have been occupied with. Does anyone know of any?
If you do, I’d appreciate it if the trade/career was at least of some broad practical value. In other words, a nail maker for horseshoes is definitely interesting, but a Blacksmith would be more applicable in this regard.
Or, if you just have one you know of that you’d like to share, I’d appreciate it nonetheless
Thanks in advance for any replies, I really do appreciate every one of them.
[ul]
[li]Mason[/li][li]Carpenter[/li][li]Cathedral builder[/li][li]Guillotine operator[/li][/ul]
Executioner
Cheese monger
Fish monger
Butcher
(I’ll repeat Mason, just 'cause)
Carpenter
Fisherman
Barber/doctor
Soldier
In sum, pretty similar to what we have today.
Well, there are lots of them really (though not guillotine operators, Lukeinva). I assume that you’re using “profession” in the broad sense of any occupation, and not simply occupations that require advanced study and the use of professional judgment. Actually, I bet that, once you exclude the many professions that require post-medieval technology, most professions do date back to at least medieval times. Certainly they had bankers (by the end of the medieval period), physicians, lawyers, architects, and many of the other professions in the narrow sense.
You might want to look at the dramatis personae for Shakespeare’s plays (which are post-medieval, but things hadn’t changed all that much in the century or so since the end of the medieval period). For example, in A Midsummer-Night’s Dream the lower-class characters include a Carpenter, a Joiner, a Weaver, a Bellows-mender, a Tinker, and a Tailor.
Apothecary: A chemist, druggist, or pharmacist
Architect
Armorer
Arrowsmith: A maker of arrowheads
Assassin: A killer for hire
Astrologer: A reader of stars and fates
Baker
Barber: A surgeon, bloodletter, dentist, and haircutter
Barrister: A lawyer or one who pleads the case of another before a noble’s court
Beggar
Bellfounder: A caster of bells
Blacksmith
Bloomer: A man who work an iron smelting forge
Bladesmith: A smith who specializes in sword blades
Bookbinder: A maker of books
Bowyer: A maker of bows
Brazier: A smith who works in brass, sometimes a traveling workman
Brewer: A maker of ales, bitters, stouts, and beer
Bricklayer: A laborer who builds walls and buildings
Butcher
Carpenter
Carrier: One who hauls messages or small goods
Carter: A teamster, a hauler of goods
Cartwright: A builder of wagons and carts
Carver: A sculptor in wood
Chandler: A maker of candles
Chapman: A traveling peddler who normally frequents small villages
Churl: A freedom farmer of some wealth
Clerk: A scribe who generally handles business accounts
Clockmaker
Cobbler: A mender of old shoes
Collier: A burner of charcoal for smelting
Coppersmith: A copper worker
Cook
Cooper: A barrelmaker
Cordwainer: A shoemaker
Cutler: A maker of knives and silverware
Dragoman: An official interpreter or guide
Draper: A cloth merchant
Dyer: One who dyes clothing
Embroiderer: A needleworker who decorates fabric with intricate designs of thread
Enameler: A jeweler specializing in enamel work.
Engraver: A jeweler specializing in decorative engraving
Farrier: A maker of horseshoes
Fisherman
Fishmonger: A fish dealer
Fletcher: An arrowmaker
Forester: An official responsible for the lord’s woodlands
Fuller: A felt-maker
Furrier: A tailor of fur garments
Gardener
Gem-cutter: A jeweler specializing in gemstones
Gilder: A craftsman of gilt gold and silver
Girdler: A maker of belts and girdles
Glassblower: A maker of items made of glass
Glazier: One who cuts and sets glass
Glover: A maker of gloves
Goldbeater: A maker of gold foil
Goldsmith: A jeweler who works with gold
Grocer: A wholesaler, particularly of everyday items
Groom: A man who tends horses
Haberdasher: A merchant of small notions, thread, and needles
Harpmaker
Hatter: One who makes hats
Herald: A courtier skilled in etiquette and heraldry
Herbalist: A practitioner of herbal cures
Hewer: One who digs coal or other minerals
Horner: A worker of horn
Hosier: A maker of hose and garters
Hosteler: An innkeeper
Interpreter: A translator
Ironmonger: A dealer, not maker, of ironwork
Joiner: A cabinet or furniture-maker
Knife-grinder: A sharpener of knives
Laundress
Laborer
Latoner: A brass-worker
Leech: A nonclerical doctor
Limeburner: A maker of lime for mortar
Limner: A painter
Linkboy: A lantern- or torch-bearer
Locksmith
Lutemaker
Marbler: A cutter and carver of marble
Mason: A worker in building stone, brick, and plaster
Mercer: A cloth dealer
Messenger
Miller: One who operates a grain mill
Miner
Minstrel
Minter: A maker of coins
Nailsmith: A smith specializing in nails
Navigator: One skilled in the arts of direction-finding and navigation
Organmaker
Painter
Parchment-maker
Paviour: A mason specialized in paving streets
Pewterer: One who works pewter
Plasterer: A specialist in plastering
Ploughman: A worker of the field
Porter: A hauler of goods
Potter: A maker of metal or, alternatively, clay pots
Poulterer: A dealer of chickens or other forms of poultry
Pursemaker
Quarrier: One who digs and cuts stone
Saddler: A maker of saddles
Sage: A scholar
Sailor
Saucemaker: A cook who specializes in preparing sauces
Scribe: A secretary or one who can write
Scrivener: A copyist
Seamstress: One whose occupation is sewing
Shearman: A man who trims the loose wool from the cloth to finish it
Sheather: A maker of scabbards and knife sheaths
Shepherd
Shipwright: A builder of ships and boats
Skinner: A butcher who prepares hides for tanning
Soapmaker
Spurrier: A maker of spurs
Spy
Swineherd: A keeper of pigs
Tailor
Tanner: A leather-maker
Teamster: A hauler of goods by wagon or cart
Tilemaker
Tinker: A traveling craftsman who repairs tin pots and similar items
Tinner: A tin miner
Trapper
Vintner: A maker of wines
Waller: A mason who sets stones and brick for walls
Waterleader: A water hauler
Weaver: One who makes fabric
Wheelwright: One who makes and repairs wheels
Wiredrawer: A maker of wire
Woodturner: A lathe-worker
From some Dungeon Master’s Guide or another.
DrCube
June 4, 2013, 10:06pm
8
You’re a few centuries too early. Or too late.
The guillotine wasn’t invented yet in the middle ages, is what I’m saying.
A guillotine (/ˈɡɪlətiːn/ GHIL-ə-teen /ˌɡɪləˈtiːn/ GHIL-ə-TEEN /ˈɡijətin/ GHEE-yə-teen) is an apparatus designed for effectively carrying out executions by beheading. The device consists of a tall, upright frame with a weighted and angled blade suspended at the top. The condemned person is secured with a pillory at the bottom of the frame, holding the position of the neck directly below the blade. The blade is then released, swiftly and forcefully decapitating the victim with a single, clean p...
bob_2
June 4, 2013, 10:34pm
9
DrCube:
You’re a few centuries too early. Or too late.
The guillotine wasn’t invented yet in the middle ages, is what I’m saying.
Guillotine - Wikipedia
The Halifax guillotine was in use early in the 13th C.
Why hasn’t anyone mentioned bankers?
Good thing you you noticed it. You have a sharp eye.
Kenm
June 4, 2013, 11:04pm
13
All ye of little faith.
No mention of friars, priests, bishops, archbishops, cardinals, popes and all their hangers on, without whom everyone would have died and gone to hell.
Good list Alessan , but you left out the most impotant one.
Fool.
Pimp, highwayman, constable, pickpocket, soldier, gravedigger, valet, shepherd, teacher, actor, bell ringer, prostitute, hunter, trapper, cattle drover and others.
Arkcon
June 5, 2013, 1:15am
16
jbaker:
You might want to look at the dramatis personae for Shakespeare’s plays (which are post-medieval, but things hadn’t changed all that much in the century or so since the end of the medieval period). For example, in A Midsummer-Night’s Dream the lower-class characters include a Carpenter, a Joiner, a Weaver, a Bellows-mender, a Tinker, and a Tailor.
Also, review the professions listed in The Canterbury Tales , for some like Summoner and Reeve that have fallen into disuse lately. Does Boccaccio’s Decameron list the professions of the tale teller’s? Because that’s likely a bigger list, and isn’t confined to English professions.
You still have Sheriffs in the US, and that is a contraction of Shire Reeve.
Wow guys, this has been more than exquisite. Thank each and every one of you for your absolutely diligent responses.
You’ve covered more than what I could have hoped to expect. I will take a look at the literature suggested- thank you very much for those!
This has been more than sufficient and enlightening. Thank you for your long list and short contributions alike; I appreciate all tremendously!
/bows in reverence
RobDog
June 5, 2013, 8:01am
20