I think Plato wanted such a government. I do not know how he wanted it to run, but I propose that we keep the constitution, and have a party system based on philosophical views. We can have the Taoist party, Existentialism party, the Plato party and we would all vote based on our philosophies. If the Taoist win we live a simple life and not cause trouble or get into trouble. Faith based parties would not be allowed since we agree on their irrationalities and it would say so in the constitution.
**All **governments are philosophical, in the sense that they are based on political philosophies which are based on metaphysics, epistemology and ethics. For example, compare the philosophical justification for the American Revolution with that of the Russian Revolution.
I have a funny feeling that the Postmodernist party would not get any votes, but they would still somehow end up in power. And the Existentialist party would have many supporters, but none of them would ever bother to vote because they wouldn’t see any point to it.
That would kick ass. It’s largely what I strive for through Libertarianism, which is, at its essence, a recognition of equality-minded invidualism. Once we secure the rights to open expression of ideas, political debate can become purely philosophical rather than bandying about a bunch of irrelevant base-level “issues” back and forth. Supplanting the current system of government with one whose very basis was of a philosophical nature would certainly save a few steps.