It happened at a time when people did object but couldn’t say so.
Only when merry. Cuntry.
People did object. Again, context. If Bond just referred to a woman by Pussy as a pet name, most people would let it go by. Girls could be called Kitten, as the youngest daughter on Father Knows Best was. Calling an adult woman Puss or Pussy might be a touch risque but nothing serious.
Instead, Fleming named the character Pussy Galore. As a phrase that was single entendre. “I got pussy galore” was something a man who was a tomcat might say. It was also something Bond could claim. Remember that in the book, Pussy Galore was a lesbian before she gets converted to “proper” sex by Bond’s dick. Everything about her was intended to push buttons and be on the edge of acceptibility.
One complicating factor in relying on dictionary first-usage dates is that slang terms for sexual anatomy are less likely than most words to end up in the publications that dictionaries look to for sources. They will still get printed in some forms, but those forms are less likely to be kept and found by archivists.