What happens if there's a long-term electricity outage that covers a large area?

Puerto Rico, 20 September 2017. Hurricane Maria.
Jurisdiction slightly smaller in population and size than Connecticut. Municipalities ranging from 350K to 1800 inhabitants.

Power grid 100% down: generation AND transmission and distribution. My house in a middle-class neighborhood in the middle of San Juan did not get mains power back until January 2018 and then intermittently. Some rural areas not until July of 2018. Cell service sustained in such places where the backup generators were accessible for refueling, large segments of the island lost service until that could happen. Water systems operated dependent on generator fuel and parts being made available and then not 24/7, with warning that the mains water was not suitable for drinking, for weeks or months.

From the storm itself as direct causal, there were around 60 recorded fatalities . But multiple studies concluded that around 3,000 people (ranges in the different studies went from 1200 to 4800) died in the aftermath above what would be the normal statistical trend, attributed in their majority to lack of power and communications resulting in unavailability or inability to access medication/procedures/services.

Nobody starved, as such, though as mentioned some people may have gone down from spoiled food/contaminated water, and there was no widespread lawlessness or violence. Of course in this case, we are a population used to preparing for “normal” hurricanes which helped A LOT to prevent it becoming MUCH worse, since most families and businesses were prepared to survive the immediate hit – but that the lights were still out for like 90% of cutomers after a couple of weeks, that was the sign that something was really wrong.