A mosquito is at it’s birth dedicated to getting my blood. How far away from it’s spawning point do I need to get?
Probably not the answer you are looking for but I would suggest that as long as there is a stiff wind you could be safe just a few meters away, stand upwind of the little blighter and there is no way he could muster the energy to fly against the current and reach you.
1,500 miles with full weapons load.
Sorry, couldn’t resist 
Interesting that you should ask this today. Just yesterday as I was driving home, they had a report on the radio about West Nile Virus, and the health dept. official they were interviewing said that mosquitos have a flight range of 12-15 miles.
On that topic, how close to one do I have to be for it to know I’m there? Isn’t it the body heat that draws them toward you?
Depends if you are upwind, or downwind. They hunt their victims by scent - mostly homing on exhaled CO2 and butyric acid in sweat (IIRC).
Only female mosquitos go blood hunting.
It depends on the species of mosquito. You can probably look it up for each species in a reference book about disease-carrying species of mosquitoes.