A Canadian Perspective
After 17 years experience I can give the following account of a Canadian Maximum Security Institution (formally a SHU / Special Handling Unit or what you guys refer to as a “Super-Max”)
Millhaven Institution is a maximum security institution located in Bath, Ontario.
We house approx 700 inmates in 3 units.
To be fair, Millhaven is actually 2 separate institutions under one roof.
2 of M.I.’s units are dedicated to the regional reception centre, while the 3rd unit is the MSU (Maximum Security Unit)
The entire facility is maximum security, be we have to be able to differentiate between the MSU and the MAU (Millhaven Assessment Unit)
Every person who resides in Ontario who is sentenced by a judge to a prison term of 2 years or more, is sent to Millhaven Institution and placed in the MAU for a period of 6-8 weeks.
The MAU assesses the inmate’s needs and decides which federal institution would best manage this offender. By this we look at which facility would best offer the level of security and programs the inmate requires.
Not every inmate requires maximum security.
The higher the security. The higher the cost of incarceration.
I am a senior Correctional Officer in the Maximum Security Unit across the hall from the MAU, we hold 138 inmates on 5 ranges.
One inmate to a cell in the MSU, and all movement is slow, controlled, and supervised by armed control posts.
The majority of MSU inmates are serving a life sentence, and the majority of MSU inmates require the high level of security placed on them.
07:00 : feeding begins. When everyone is behaving, we open half a range at a time (14 cells), they proceed down to a servery line up, get their meal tray and return to their cells.
Then we let the next half range out until all 5 ranges are fed.
During trouble, we feed ¼ range at a time, and there have been times we feed 2 at a time, but this takes the entire morning.
08:30 : Major movement, any inmates who work in other areas of the institution are allowed to go to work.
We move 12 at a time. The inmates walk thru a long hallway, passing guards in a armed control post and arrive at a central area (the hub of the wheel), here if they have any loose effects, they are searched, hand frisked, and sent through a metal detector.
There is also another large armed control post here in case trouble breaks out, as well as 6 Correctional Officers on the floor with them to control movement.
11:30 : Inmates return from work to their cells
12:00 Count is taken and verified correct
12:15 : Feeding Begins
13:00 : Inmates return to work (the ones who don’t work remain locked in their cells)
15:00 : Inmates return to their cells from work
16:00: Formal Count
17:00 Feeding begins
18:00 Count
18:15 : a “random selection of cells are searched by the i/c of the unit and his staff while the inmates are all locked up in their cells.
18:45 : inmates who want to go to yard and weight pit are allowed to do so, the rest remain locked on their ranges where they can shower 2 at a time, and one can be on the phone.
20:30: inmates return to their cells from yard for count
21:00 : inmates allowed to go to gym and weight pit
22:30 inmates return to their cells
23:00 count (all cells are locked for the evening)
The majority of the time is used conducting major movement.
Anytime 2 or more inmates move from one area of the institution to another, this is called “major movement because the rest of the Institution is essentially locked in its own unit while MSU moves.
Each armed post contains 2 or 3 CO’s, one pushes buttons which opens and closes barriers, while one is watching the movement while holding a AR-15 rifle.
The CO inside the control post must also coordinate with the IC of the unit, and the ic of the other areas to make sure the movement is welcome and everyone is ready.
MSU houses inmates which can’t be housed or managed at a lesser security institution, and also, if an inmate kills or seriously inures someone while they are with us, their last stop is the SHU (Special Handling Unit) Here they are locked in their cells for approx 23 hours per day, and only let out for shower and exercise in a small yard.
Even the movements are done all remotely; a guard isn’t even in the same vicinity as the inmate.
Perhaps after a year or so, with good behavior, he will then be sent to a MAX unit again to see if he can abide by the rules.
Regards
Gus