What kind of animal could this bone have come from?

Yes - handled many similar in my time.

Definitely large mammal longbone - sectioned by sawing on both faces. You’d assume cow, but depending on location could be horse, deer, camel, prob too big for sheep. You’d need a reliable reference specimen to match the detail of the bone surface to be sure.

Too big for deer or sheep. Theoretically it could be elk or bison or other large game but far more likely cattle.

Stranger

There’s, oddly, a bunch of Bison or Buffalo-Beef dog treats available.

When I was about 5, 6 years old my parents used to take me to boring political meetings (no money for a baby-sitter I guess), the meetings were right next to an empty lot full of “wild” vegetation and the kind of stuff that ends up in such places (but relatively clean, or my parents would’ve not let me play there).
Budding paleontologist that I was I used to search for (and find) bones there.
Whenever I found one I would excitedly run to my parents to ask them to identify it, hoping for Dinosaur, or at least Mammoth but the answer was invariably the same:

Cow

“Asados” being an absolutely indispensable part of political meetings in Argentina that was not surprise, except for little dinosaur-crazed boys.

Today all that experience finally paid off, when I saw that picture a small boyish voice in the back of my head said “that’s a caracú (marrow, by extension applied to that kind cow femur bone cut) bone”

I think it’s appropriate for a youthful paleontologist to be rendering his opinion on a thread by @Spectre_of_Pithecanthropus.

Wouldn’t a Pithecanthropus lay more in the sphere of anthropology?

As a matter of technical English terminology, sure.

As a matter of study of remnants of extinct species, it still fits.

The OP represents the Spectre of Pithecanthropus, which could be interpreted many ways. Supernaturalism or philosophy might be more appropriate.

My freezer is full of these. Cow femur bones cut up and sold to dog owners.

There’s a shop around here that sells them filled with a peanut-butter-type substance as dog treats. My dog goes nuts for them.