I think the OP is making a flawed assumption.
There’s a saying that the best race car falls apart just as it crosses over the finish line. If you’ve built any more durability into it than that, then you still have weight savings and, thereby, speed gains that you could have made.
So for any sport that requires strength, power, endurance, or whatever, the top athlete is going to be the one who pushed themselves closest to the limit without destroying themselves. That’s how you become the best on the planet.
And so the only sports where you won’t, eventually, see people with their bodies taped together, flat feet, impacted joints, etc. is going to be the sports where you just can’t push your body over the edge. Target shooting, for example, there’s not anything that you can really overwork or work to the limit, before destroying your own body. However, that doesn’t mean that, somehow, target shooting is healthier for you than swimming. Swimming is, generally, going to better for you over your lifetime.
Swimming might not be better for you if you’re going to train like an Olympian. But if you do it like a normal person, then it’s better than target shooting.
But, ultimately, no one sport (to my understanding of the current state of the science - though that could change) is the ideal sport for longevity.
The ideal (as I understand it) is that you:
- Do some low-impact, low-energy output work for long durations, e.g. walking for 6-10k steps a day, swimming the length of a bay once a day, etc.
- Do some medium-impact, medium-energy output work, semi-regularly, e.g. weight training, rucking, etc. a few times a week.
- Do some high-impact, high-energy output work, infrequently, e.g. distance sprinting, yoke walk, moving a couch up a stairwell, etc. every month or two (?).
That’s the sport of longevity, and it’s different than any Olympic sport. The nice thing with it, though, is that it leaves open a lot of variety so you can find things that interest you and keep you motivated and inclined to participate.
Swimming, you can get the first two by choosing how intensely you want to swim. And you work out more of your body and can work on your upper-body mobility and strength, which is lost in walking/running. But, I’m not sure that there’s any reasonable way to do the third type of workout except to tie an anchor to your belt and see how long you can stay on top of the water. Don’t do that. Find something else.