Never, as far as we can tell.
The only places where HGs existed along agriculturalists for a prolonged period of time were in places where the land couldn’t support agriculture. IOW, only people who couldn’t practice agriculture didn’t practice, and everyone who did practice agriculture did practice agriculture.
Quite the opposite. Both the oral and written history is full of stories of HGs essentially begging to be allowed to partake of the agricultural lifestyle. This is perhaps most well attested to and fully described in the case of Australian Aborigines, where HGs travelled literally hundreds of miles to any site of agricultaralist dwellings within their range. Within two or three generations no HGs wanted to practice agriculture.
It’s amazing how a well-researched anthropological observation gets bastardised over the years.
This started out as “HGs spend on average 4 hours/day *obtaining *food.” The figure expressly did not include time spent traveling between hunting grounds, cooking and preparing food, making tools to dig with etc. It certainly did not include any work aside from that associated with food, such as making shelters, religious rituals, tending wounds, rearing children etc.
Then it was corrupted to “HGs can feed themselves in just 35 hours a week”, which isn’t accurate.
And now apparently the latest form is “HGS only had to work 30 hours a week”. That is just flat out wrong. All the figures I’ve seen suggest that HGs worked an average of 35-60 hours/week, but the hours were highly variable.
Sort of. Certainly far less extensive than the knowledge of agriculturalists living in the same area. In most cases less extensive than the knowledge of agriculturalists from *other *areas.
The mistake you are making is thinking that a person is either a HG or an agriculturalist, and that one morning a group of people all decide to become agriculturalists, throw away their spears and digging sticks and start planting seeds.
Of course the truth is nothing like that. The transition was incredibly slow for tribes, and erratic within tribes. Early HG groups would have practiced at most seasonal agriculture, and spent the rest of the year as HGs. Moreover some individuals within the group would never have become agriculturalists, and I suspect that in many cases the men never adopted agriculture at all, much as was the case amongst most American Indians.
What that meant is that early agriculturalists had a diet that was just as balanced as that of HGs. They were no more prone to disease. They had access to exactly the same food sources. And in addition tot hast they had access to sown food. In short, there was no downside to transitional agriculture, only benefits.
That would have played a role eventually, and was probably the very final factor that spelled the end of the HG lifestyle. But that wasn’t the reason for the original adoption The original adoption was because the life was so much better.
Contrary to the rosy picture of the HG lifestyle that you paint, it was actually a brutal, boring lifestyle. With no capacity for food storage the population had to be regulated at the carrying capacity of the worst year. With no access to contraceptives this could only be achieved by ongoing female infanticide. That results in HGs societies being incredibly violent. Even in the most peaceful HGs societies one in 50 adult males die from homicide. With no food storage capacity, periodic starvation was the norm.
Knowledge in HG societies consisted quote literally of rumour and Chinese whispers. The knowledge base of HGs is extremely poor. Even things you would think that HGS should know they do not, because they have no way of finding out. For example, HGs on the great plains thought that bison emerged magically from caves underground, they had no concept that thy were naturally reproducing beasts or that they could be hunted to extinction. Australian Aborigines had no concept that grass comes from seed. They knew that grass produced seed, they ate the stuff, but they had no idea that grass plants developed from grass seeds. those are only two examples, but it highlights how crappy a knowledge system is when it relies on rumour.
And that applies to all knowledge. Medicine was so crude as to be non-existent. HGs had no means of treating even the most basic diseases or injuries such as food poisoning, embedded, infected splinters or broken long bones. The tool kit consisted of what could be carried or what could be left behind without rottting, burning or being eaten.
The HG lifetsyle was frankly pretty damn horrible, which is why, in areas where HGs are contiguous with agriculturalists, it is the norm for HGs to want to marry into agriculturalist families, but agriculturalists never want to adopt hunting and gathering. Even today, there are plenty pf places where you could become a HG if yuo wished, but we don’t have anybody doing it.
That doesn’t make any sense. HG societies don’t have any “powerful” or any “unders”. There are elders, preists etc, but they can’t tell people what to do.
It was the ability to control food supply and claim land that agriculture allowed that permitted classes of “powerful” and “unders” to develop. IOW the classes were created by the success of agriculture, not the other way around.